{"title":"Medicine","description":"\u003cp\u003eMedical theory, practice, anatomy, treatments, and the history of healthcare.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"venusti-antonio-maria","title":"VENUSTI, Antonio Maria","description":"\u003cp\u003eFirst edition of Venusti's work about generation, birth and brevity of life. There are two lists of contents: the first lists the headings of the 139 chapters into which the text is divided, the second lists the most interesting topics. Included are abortion, why the good die young and teeth can't be destroyed by fire; the definition of the hermaphrodite, famous dwarfs of that time in Milan, Turkish men having more wives and why lust is especially characteristic of the hairy and the lame. The author starts from the viewpoint of the dignity of marriage, describing the relationship of husband and wife and the treatment of moral, social and sexual behaviour. He moves on to pregnancy - medical prescriptions and superstitions -, birth and children - how to cure, care and educate them-, often referring to the opinions of Avicenna, Aristotle, Averroes, Cicero, Plato, Homer and to the Bible. The result is a mixture of medicine and philosophy. The last section is about natural and unnatural ways of dying and time, its division into years, days and hours, the origins of this division and some philosophical speculations on it.  Oratius Luccesinus was a member of a family prominent in Lucca in the first half of eighteenth century belonging to the noblesse de la robe of the city. The decoration of the binding is unusual combining the Renaissance and the beginnings of Neoclassicism.  Antonio Maria Venusti (1529 - 1585) was a doctor from Grosio, a village near the city of Sondrio. He descended from a poor branch of the Venosta family, the Earls of Tirolo, which in the CXIV ruled that region. He lived in Milan at the court of Dadda family who undertook his education since his father had died during his boyhood and Venusti dedicated this work to the ten sons of Erasmo Dadda. Their motto, NEC VI NEC SPONTO, on p. b2v, is represented in the centre of a chain made up of ten diamond rings, compared in verse by Giovanni Battista Porro to the valour and strength of the Dadda family.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"VENUSTI, Antonio Maria","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816115642703,"sku":"L659","price":1950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L659.jpg?v=1781795308"},{"product_id":"liebault-jean","title":"LIEBAULT, Jean","description":"First French edition (translated from the Latin De sanitate, faecunditatae et morbis mulierum of the same year) of this gynaecological handbook by Jean Li ébault (c.1535-1596), doctor and agronomist. It was one of the very first vernacular works, designed for the laywoman, about the female physical condition. Li ébault was born in Dijon but moved to Paris to study medicine, where he became a successful doctor, highly esteemed by both colleagues and patients. He married Nicole Estienne, daughter of the great Parisian printer Charles Estienne (1504-1564), who had himself studied medicine under Jacob Sylvius alongside the young Vesalius. Li ébault completed and translated his father-in-law's Praedium rusticum into French as La maison rustique (1564); a translation of Gesner's Quatres livres des secrets de m édecine followed in 1573. Trois livres de la sant é was the first of two works on feminine health and beauty he published in 1582: De l'ornement \u0026amp; beautez des Femmes is advertised in the present work. Madame Li ébault, a noted femme des lettres, was herself the author of Misères de la femme mari ée, mises en forme de stances, and the manuscript Apologie pour les femmes, contre ceux qui en m édisent. She predeceased her husband by some years; the contemporary diarist Pierre de L'Estoile records that Li ébault died suddenly, after sitting down to rest on a stone in the rue Gervais-Laurent.\r \r Li ébault's introduction to the present work laments the infinite number of maladies which accompany any person through his or her life, 'mais plus griefues en affliction tormentent le corps de la femme comme celuy de l'homme'. Woman, he takes care to emphasise, 'n'est animant mutile ny imparfaict, mais foible \u0026amp; maladif'. His work describes and suggests causes and remedies - often more than one - for a range of gynaecological complaints, in chronological order from childhood to motherhood; Li ébault does not advise on the maladies of women beyond child-bearing age. Young girls, he notes, may be subject to nervous illnesses, nausea, headache and neuralgia. He deals with menstruation, venereal disease and various renal and gastro-intestinal problems, before proceeding to the subject of conception and childbirth, which occupies the greatest portion of the book. Obesity, male and female, is listed among the causes of infertility; common birth defects are described, along with less common ones such as hermaphroditism. Alongside a discussion of family resemblance in young children (with a gentle reminder that even animals and plants have an urge to reproduce in their own image), Li ébault also addresses the question of when a child receives its soul. Of particular interest is the chapter devoted to the performance of caesarean section, which, given the high mortality rate, is advised only as a last resort: the first modern caesarean section which the mother is known to have survived had been performed as recently as 1500. Li ébault concludes with advice on the treatment of the newborn and the new mother. The work contains a detailed table of contents and index, and a brief list of errata.","brand":"LIEBAULT, Jean","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816117576015,"sku":"L603","price":3750.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L603-5.jpg?v=1781795303"},{"product_id":"lemnius-levin-translated-by-j-gohory","title":"LEMNIUS, Levin (translated by J. Gohory)","description":"\u003cp\u003eLemnius (1505-1568) studied medicine at Louvain under Dodoens, Gessner, and Vesalius and practised for over forty years in his home town of Zelande with great success. This work, translated by Jacques Gohory, was designed as much for the amusement of the reader as for his education, and contains a mass of information, partly real, partly fantastic, taken from ancient Greek, Hebrew, Arab, and Latin sources, and presented and commented on in rather haphazard fashion.  Bits of medical and natural lore are thrown together hit-or-miss,  but not without importance  since it was often cited by subsequent learned authors, and since the numerous editions and translations of it show that it was well suited to the tastes of the time.  (Thorndike). \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n Despite his interest in the occult and belief in the importance of the influence that the stars and moon exert on the person, Lemnius remained pragmatic, always insisting on the importance of treating the patient with what remedies were available rather than relying on astronomy. Of the many diverse and interesting subjects the book deals with, such as the effects of human saliva, or whether it is better to sleep with one s mouth open or closed, one most referred to is the subject of vines, wine and drunks. White wine should be drunk before red, vinegar is useful in times of plague, the wines of the Poitou make you quarrelsome whereas the wines of the Rhine make you amorous, and when inebriated, you must not sleep in the moon rays. Translations of books dealing with the occult sciences are rare (an English translation of this work did not appear until 1650).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"LEMNIUS, Levin (translated by J. Gohory)","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816125473103,"sku":"L0","price":2450.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/DSC_8421.jpg?v=1781795278"},{"product_id":"dorsten-theodor","title":"DORSTEN, Theodor","description":"\u003cp\u003eFirst and only edition of this beautifully illustrated herbal. One of the two printing variants, here the title has woodcut plants instead of printer's device. All the numerous illustrations were consistently coloured, probably for the publisher. Theodor Dorsten (1492-1552) was a physician and botanist, as well as professor of medicine at the University of Marburg. In recognition of his contribution to botanic studies, Charles Plumier and Carl Linneus named Dorstenia a family of the Moraceae (mulberry or fig family). As Dorsten explains in the preface, he was commissioned by the renowned publisher of scientific books Christian Egenolff to expand and translate into Latin the Kreutterbuch von allem Erdtwaechs by Eucharius Rösslin, published in 1533. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n Dorsten s herbal was expanded in its turn in 1557 by Egenolff s son-in-law, Adam Lonicer. The Botanicon provides a remarkable account of sixteenth-century botanic and pharmacopeial knowledge. It describes alphabetically hundreds of herbs, along with tubers, spices, fruits, nuts, a couple of mushrooms and some liquids very broadly speaking derived from plants, such as vinegar, resin, honey, but also asphalt, cheese and water. Entries comprise a detailed illustration, the different names in Greek, Latin and German, references from ancient and contemporary authorities, description of physical qualities and healing properties and often recipes for medicaments. Those who followed some of the misleading prescriptions must have suffered greatly. Bitumen is said to cure cancer when mixed with vinegar and stop women s periods when combined with beaver s secretion; inhaling its smoke is supposed to prevent mucus (probably), while one gets rid of tooth pain by chewing it (perhaps). Luckily, it was hard to find asphalt at the time. It was mainly collected on the shores of the Dead Sea and thus was known as bitumen Iudaicum. The various uses suggested by Dorsten for cannabis (f. 60r) are equally noteworthy and maybe more appropriate. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n This copy belonged to the famous Italian humanist Benedetto Varchi (1503-1565), as indicated by his faint autograph on the title. Varchi possessed vast and multifaceted knowledge. Member of several Italian circles and in particular the Florentine Academy, he was mainly interested in philosophy and literature. Yet, he did not disregard science. Among the 85 books identified as annotated by him, there are important treatises on maths, astronomy, veterinary and human medicine (see A. Siekiera,  Benedetto Varchi , in Autografi dei letterati italiani: il Cinquecento, I, Rome 2009, pp. 337-357, at pp. 343-348). This copy was later acquired by a close friend of Varchi, Lelio Bonsi (1532-post 1569). The two exchanged some sonnets and Bonsi was included among the interlocutors of Varchi s linguistic dialogue Ercolano. A member of the Florentine Academy and of the Order of St Stephen, Bonsi was also a legatee of Varchi s will.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"DORSTEN, Theodor","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816128487759,"sku":"K19","price":39500.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/DSC_8139.jpg?v=1781795269"},{"product_id":"tagliacozzi-gaspare","title":"TAGLIACOZZI, Gaspare","description":"\u003cp\u003eMost complete issue of the first edition of this curious medical work, devoted entirely to plastic surgery and providing the first instruction for reconstructing nose, lips and ears. Gaspare Tagliacozzi (1545-1599) was a pioneering Italian physician and pupil of Girolamo Cardano, Ulisse Aldrovandi and Giulio Cesare Avanzi. Upon his graduation, he was appointed lecturer of surgery at the University of Bologna; later, he became one of the most acclaimed professors of the athenaeum, demonstrating his techniques of dissection on recently-dead bodies. A pious man, he was charged by the cardinals  Congregation over the Index of Forbidden Books with the emendation of the works of the Lutheran botanist Leonhardt Fuchs. In Bologna, he also offered his service to the hospital of the Brotherhood of the Death; this local religious fellowship engaged with comforting the prisoners condemned to die. Through this privileged hannel, Tagliacozzi had always plenty of corpses for his anatomical and surgical studies. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n De curtorum chirurgia was Tagliacozzi s most renowned achievement. In the work, he improved and described for the first time the so-called metodo italiano, a technique of facial reconstruction via a skin graft taken from the left forearm. The well-known twenty-two plates depict surgical instruments and document every step of the process of rhinoplasty. Following the operation, the patient was immobilised in a complex vest devised by Tagliacozzi himself, waiting for the complete adherence of the graft to his nose. The process was supposed to take from two to three weeks. Tagliacozzi was aware of some aesthetic imperfection of the result, but was more concerned with the relieving benefits he wished to give to his patients  mind and spirit. His fame as  the first plastic surgeon  was so wide that several Italian noblemen sought his service. Among them, the Duke of Mantua Vincenzo Gonzaga, to whom De curtorum chirurgia is dedicated.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"TAGLIACOZZI, Gaspare","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816130060623,"sku":"K33","price":39500.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/K33-2.jpg?v=1781795265"},{"product_id":"ketham-johannes-de","title":"KETHAM, Johannes de","description":"\u003cp\u003eEarly edition of a masterpiece of the Renaissance art of the book, revised and expanded after the princeps of 1491. Little, if anything, is known about Kentham, who has been identified as Johannes von Kirchheim, a professor from Swabia teaching medicine in Vienna around 1460. Rather than the author of this influential collection of medical essays, he appears to be the owner of the manuscript used by the printer of the first edition who mistakenly took him for the compiler. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The work enjoyed great success and was soon translated into Italian, German and Spanish. This imprint includes Mondino de Luzzi s Anatomia and the treatise on venoms of his pupil and commentator, Alessandro Achillini; most importantly, it retains all the superb apparatus of illustrations designed for the Italian translation of the Fasciculus published in Venice in 1493 by the de Gregorii brothers, incorporating also the minor changes introduced in the later reprints of 1500 and 1513. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n  The typography and artistic qualities of this edition [Venice, 1493] of the Fasciculus make it of interest far beyond the world of medicine. It was the first printed medical book to be illustrated with a series of realistic figures: these include a Zodiac man, bloodletting man, planet man, an urinoscopic consultation, a pregnant woman and notably a dissection scene which is one of the first and finest representation of this operation to appear in any book (...) Most of these figures have medieval prototypes, but they are here designed by an artist of the first rank. His identity has never been discovered; it has been suggested   wrongly   that he was the Polifilo master; but he was certainly an artist close to the Bellini school.  PMM, p. 20.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"KETHAM, Johannes de","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816130486607,"sku":"K32","price":29500.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/K32-1.jpg?v=1781795265"},{"product_id":"velez-de-arcinega-francisco","title":"VÉLEZ DE ARCI√ëEGA, Francisco","description":"\u003cp\u003eRare first edition of a curious pharmaceutical compendium concerning the use of animal ingredients. Little is known about Francisco V élez de Arci√±ega, a respected chemist and writer active between 1593 and 1624. Born and educated in Toledo, he soon moved to Madrid, probably to work for the Spanish court. Although not at the forefront of the scholarly debate, his medical works in Latin and Spanish were widely read in contemporary Spain, especially his translation of the writings of the Syrian physician Mesue the Younger, died 1050. His Historia de los animals provides a colourful insight into the early seventeenth-century Spanish pharmacopeia. It is divided into five books, dealing with quadrupeds, reptiles, birds, fish and shellfish, illustrating how to take advantage of their healing properties with a bizarre mix of scientific intuition, classical mythology and zoology, religious superstition and trivial folklore. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n One of the earliest owners of this copy appears to be a triad of monks, who inscribed their names ( Frater Antonius a Fonte, Frater Ysidorus de Hombrador, Frater Ferdinandus a Casteston ) into a simple circle before the colophon. The monasteries, at this time, were still the principal dispensary of medicine and remedies, especially for the ordinary people of the Catholic world.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"VÉLEZ DE ARCI√ëEGA, Francisco","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816133697871,"sku":"L2258","price":3850.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L2258-1.jpg?v=1781795252"},{"product_id":"monardes-nicolas","title":"MONARDES, Nicolas","description":"\u003cp\u003eA fine copy of the very rare third edition in English, translated by John Frampton, of several most interesting Spanish treatises by Monardes. “The author was one of the most distinguished Spanish physicians of his time. This is the third edition, with additions, of the English translation of his book on the curative plants of the New World; the first and second editions having been printed in 1577 and 1580 respectively. The work opens with a notice on Columbus’s discovery, and among other things, contains a long article on tobacco. (folios 33 – 45)” Church. “The Spanish discovery of the new world produced not only a supply of precious metals but of rare plants apt for study as potential drugs and the means to miraculous new cures. Early among those who pursued these botanical novelties was Nicolás Monardes of Seville, who collected, studied, catalogued, grew and integrated them into his medical practice. After many years, he wrote a singular treatise which was translated into several languages including English and Latin in several spirits at once: a botanical collection; a book of Pharmaceutical simples; a treatise on miraculous cures; a book of wonders; and a work promoting the commercial exploitation of overseas resources. These diverse rhetorical aspects become even more apparent in the work’s translation into English by the merchant-trader John Frampton of Bristol. Monardes’ treatise is not only scientific in its import, but a print culture phenomenon revealing how the new instruments for the mass dissemination of astonishing new data could reconstruct the popular imagination. …Nicolás Monardes of Seville, .. realized as early as the 1530s that these simples might not only contain miraculous healing powers but fetch very high prices, prompting him to collect, classify, and even grow a goodly number of them for incorporation into his clinical practice. The account he at last published, after some thirty years of collecting and study, appeared in parts beginning in 1565 and 1569, and in its entirety in 1571. It became a seminal work in circulating news of these discoveries not only among botanists and apothecaries throughout Europe, but among common readers of the vernacular, for Monardes had chosen to publish in Spanish rather than the Latin of medical specialists. Therein is to be found the earliest accounts of sassafras, cannafistola, sarsaparilla, and the carlo sancto root, a scant four among the seventy-one simples comprising the work. …He had created two works in one, a botanical dictionary, .. but simultaneously a book of wonders, a published “cabinet of curiosities,” …[The English translation] followed the full Spanish edition by only a few years. .. Frampton, as a trader —in full anticipation of the days when such Englishmen as Sir Walter Raleigh would espouse the trade in New World simples— put forward the entire spirit of medical hope and pharmaceutical merchandising in his literary construction of “joyful news.” .. through Frampton’s offices, in bringing Monardes to the attention of English readers,.. there may be seen the foundation for incentives behind the English colonization of Virginia on the basis of commodities formerly little to be imagined. .. Monardes’ enthusiastic account of this plant (Florida sassafras) had a remarkable afterlife in the history of the earliest attempts by the English to found a colony in Virginia. Through Frampton’s translation, the English came to prize the wood of this plant as a cure for many diseases, including syphilis. Thomas Harriot elaborated upon this report in conjunction with the discovery of this wonder-working tree in Virginia in his ‘Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia (1590)’.” Donald Beecher, “Nicolás Monardes, John Frampton and the Medical Wonders of the New World.”\u003cbr\u003e\nA rare, important and beautifully illustrated work.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MONARDES, Nicolas","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816141103439,"sku":"K110","price":32500.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/monardes.jpg?v=1781795179"},{"product_id":"virdung-von-hassfurt-johannes","title":"VIRDUNG VON HASSFURT, Johannes.","description":"\u003cp\u003eAn important collection of works on astrological medicine united in this edition for the first time by the Italian scholar Giovanni Paolo Gallucci (1538-1621), including: the treatise in 4 books by Johann Virdung (ca.1465-ca.1535), published in 1532; the  Iatromathematica  attributed to Hermes Trismegistus; the  Prognostica  by Imbrasius of Ephesus (pseudo Galen); and  De triplici vita  in 3 books ( De vita sana ,  De vita longa ,  De vita coelitus comparanda ), with an early treatise on the plague ( Epidemiarum antidotus ), both by the Florentine philosopher Marsilio Ficino (1422-1499), and the  Introductio ad astrologiam  by Gallucci himself. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n Gallucci was a translator and cartographer. After completing his education in Padua, he moved to Venice. His interests ranged from astronomy to medicine and literature. He was one of the founders of the second Venetian Academy and wrote several works on astronomy, such as the important star atlas  Theatrum mundi, et temporis  (1588). Virdung was an influential physician and astrologer from Hasfurt. He studied in Leipzig and Krakow where he attended the lectures of Albertus de Brudzewo and Johannes von Glogau. In 1492 Virdung moved to Heidelberg where taught medicine, mathematics and astronomy and entered the service of the Electoral Palatine court, producing yearly prognostications regarding the ruling planets, the interpretation of eclipses and natural disasters, as well as social events (Joachimite prophecies). Virdung s bibliography includes at least 80 astrological works in German and Latin. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n After a dedicatory letter by Gallucci to the Bishop of Mantua, Sisto Vicedomini, explaining the relationship between disease and the influence of the stars over human bodies, the volume opens with Virdung s 4 books, each introduced by a short summary. Book 1 focuses on the basics of astrology (zodiac, stars, planets and other celestial bodies, such as the Moon), according to principles by Galen, Ptolemy (Opus Quadripartitum) and Cardan. Book 2 and 3 concern the classification of diseases and their remedies (drugs  ingredients; laxative and phlebotomy; bandages, embrocation and balms to relieve pain; poultice for the head and the stomach, infusions). They particularly deal with the definition of vomit and faeces as movements of the body to expel poison and humours, as well as with the issue of the periods of major danger for the health, for instance the moon phases. Book 4 discusses symptoms and features of the body which reveal specific diseases depending on the position of the stars, such as face appearance and the colour of urine. There follows the  Iatromathematica , supposedly by the Egyptian philosopher Hermes Trismegistus, a treatise in Latin translation which refers to medical astrology as a discipline subordinating clinical observation and therapeutic praxis to the scrutiny of the stars; the  Prognostica  or  De decubitu  in 13 chapters, an anonymous work on prognosis bringing together materials from the Galenic  Crises , as well as from the iatromathematical tradition. The second part of the volume contains Ficino s  De triplice vita , preceded by Gallucci s address to the reader. One of Ficino s later works, inspired by Galen, Plato and the Arab  Picatrix , and divided into three parts:  De vita sana , dedicated to Lorenzo the Magnificent, aiming at helping scholars achieve a healthy life through suitable diet and habits;  De vita longa , dedicated to the noble Florentine Filippo Valori, on eternal happiness, providing similar advice to the elderly;  De vita coelitus comparanda , prescribing gold and gems (talismans) as powerful health remedies. Last, a short astrological treatise by Gallucci dealing with celestial phenomena and related calculations, zodiac and planets, connection between stars and Fortune, and their influences on the bodies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"VIRDUNG VON HASSFURT, Johannes.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816144249167,"sku":"L2353","price":4950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/Screenshot-2024-08-06-at-14.33.54.webp?v=1781794953"},{"product_id":"remmelin-johann-with-spacher-michel","title":"REMMELIN, Johann [with] SPACHER, Michel","description":"\u003cp\u003eFirst edition of both these works, explanations of the first editions of Remmelin s extraordinary anatomical plates, both exceptionally rare and of great importance for the study of Remmelin s work.  In 1613, the Augsburg engraver Lucas Kilian produced a set of three broadsheets of human anatomy that are some of the most intricate early examples of interactive prints extant. Composed of several layers of engraving, letterpress and etching that were cut, stacked, and glued together as liftable flaps, these prints allowed the viewer to dissect male and female corpses as a didactic exercise. Though primarily intended for medical students, the sheets also served curious general audiences, as they teemed with decorative and moralising addenda... They offered their audience a heady mix of allegorical iconography and anatomy made more potent by their removable organs and naked flesh. Originally published in 1613 as three separate broadsheets, it inspired two explanatory pamphlets appearing in 1615 to identify the parts of the body marked with letters on the prints. The plates reappeared in book form in 1619.  Suzanne Kerr Schmidt.  Printed Bodies and the Materiality of Early Modern Prints.  The first  official  edition of Remmelin s prints appeared in 1619. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n  This edition was preceded by three other printed by Stephan Michelspacher, an Augsburg printer and physician, who also produced the 1619 version. In 1613 Michelspacher printed three plates with flaps under the title Catoptrum microcosmicum without any explanatory text or elucidation of the lettering on the figures. On the Visio Prima or the first printed page, there were two sets of initials  I.R. Inventor  and  L. K. sculptor  and  Stephan Michelspacher Excudit . The initiais are now understood to refer to Remmelin and Kilian, but they played a secondary role to Michelspacher s more prominent name. The text was published separately in two subsequent editions also featuring Michelspacher s name, the Elucidarius of 1614 and the Pinax microcosmographicus of 1615. In the nineteenth century, scholars suggested that Michelspacher had proceeded without Remmelin s consent, going so far as to steal the plates .. However this version of the story was challenged convincingly by W. B Mcdaniel who showed that Michelspacher and Remmelin continued a fruitful working relationship during the period between the 1613 printing and the 1619 printing  Timothy McCall  Visual Cultures of Secrecy in Early Modern Europe.  Excellent copies of these two rare first editions.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"REMMELIN, Johann [with] SPACHER, Michel","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816145068367,"sku":"L2381","price":2750.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/IMG_2416-e1520958865627.jpg?v=1781794948"},{"product_id":"peucer-kaspar","title":"PEUCER, Kaspar","description":"\u003cp\u003eSecond edition in French of Peucer s encyclopaedic work on divination;  it seems to have been the most influential of his numerous writings which were concerned with the varied fields of medicine, astronomy, mathematics, natural history, and psychology , (Thorndike VI p. 493). On the whole the work approves of divination in natural circumstances   reading dreams, for instance, or the stars, but agrees with the Bible in condemning certain branches of divination related to demons and witchcraft. Peucer s bias is unflinchingly Protestant, denying the possibility of Miracles, and he attributed the successfulness of relics and invocations of saints to demons rather than divinity.  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n After discussing divination in general, he turns to oracles and theomancy, then to magic, which he thus incorrectly implies is a variety of divination, whereas the opposite is true, then to divination from entrails, to augury and aruspicina, to lot-casting under which he puts geomancy and divining from names and numbers and to dreams and their interpretation. Next he considers medical prognostications, meteorology and weather prediction, physiognomy and chiromancy, astrology, and last prodigies and portents  (Thorndike VI p. 495). He is highly suspicious of Alchemy as a purely devilish art on the one hand, but on the other entirely approving of Astrology, which he himself put to practice and considered essential to the study of medicine. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n Kasper Peucer (1525   1602) was a prominent physician and scholar who studied with Melanchthon (and married his daughter) at the University of Wittenberg where he was appointed in turn professor of philosophy, mathematics, and medicine. His pupil, John Garcaeus, called Peucer the  most celebrated professor of mathematics in this academy . Peucer s religious views were influenced by his close relationship with Melanchthon, which deviated from the local Lutheranism in its Calvinist colourings, and when Melanchthon died in 1560 Peucer became a prominent religious authority. Although he climbed the academic ranks quickly, and gained appointment as physician to Augustus I, Elector of Saxony, his  Crypto-Calvinist  beliefs were his downfall. In 1574, letters discovered by his patron that expressed a desire to convert Augustus to Calvinism led to a twelve year imprisonment in Königstein Fortress. After his release from prison in 1586, he became physician to the duke of Anhalf, where he remained until his death in 1602.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"PEUCER, Kaspar","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816152801615,"sku":"L2851","price":2500.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/Screenshot-2024-08-06-at-12.28.35.webp?v=1781794933"},{"product_id":"dioscorides","title":"DIOSCORIDES","description":"\u003cp\u003eA handsome copy of this fundamental ancient Greek work on herbal medicine the first pharmacopoeia which influenced Western medical practice until the C19. The work had been circulating in Latin (as well as Greek and Arabic) throughout the medieval period, never falling into oblivion. It was first printed by Filippo Giunta in 1518, in a Latin translation and commentary by the Florentine humanist and Medici chancellor Marcello Virgilio Adriani (1464-1521), of which this is the second edition. Born in Cilicia, Discorides (40-90AD) was a Greek physician at the service of the Roman army and an expert botanist. A compendium of medical knowledge which rivalled Hippocrates s and Oribasius s works,  De Materia medica  discusses the properties and medical uses of hundreds of herbs all typical of the eastern Mediterranean region, often providing their names in other languages like Thracian, ancient Egyptian or Carthaginian. Its five parts cover a variety of topics including not only aromatic or culinary herbs and plants (e.g., cardamom, cinnamon, liquorice and valerian) but also cereals, fruit, roots, seeds and even minerals from which ointments, drinks or balms can be made. The short sections discuss the name, origins, physical characteristics and medical uses of each; room is also devoted to specific conditions, their symptoms and the best practice and medicaments to treat them. To the bite of adders, vipers and basilisks, for instance, is devoted a long section which explains how to intervene in case of emergency and how to prepare and use life-saving pharmacopoeia including cedar juice, bitumen and green  pilulae  made from plane trees cooked in diluted wine.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"DIOSCORIDES","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816154865999,"sku":"L2872","price":12500.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/20190713_154501.jpg?v=1781794920"},{"product_id":"herrera-gabriel-alonso-de","title":"HERRERA, Gabriel Alonso de.","description":"\u003cp\u003eVery scarce edition of this extremely successful and ground-breaking manual of agriculture in Castilian. Gabriel Alonso de Herrera (1470-1539) was a Franciscan agronomist and brother to the humanist Hernando and the musician Diego Alonso de Herrera. He is most renowned for this  Libro de agricultura , first printed in Spain in 1513, which underwent over 20 editions in just a few decades and was translated into Latin, Italian and French. It was a compilation based on a variety of agricultural and medical sources, including Greek (Galen and Hippocrates), Arabic (Avenzoar and Avicenna), and Latin  De re rustica  authors (Columella, Cato, Varro and Palladius). Following the classical tradition, Herrera presented a holistic view of the agronomist as knowledgeable in the cultivation of crops and trees, techniques for making soil and water suitable for agriculture and horticulture, the forecast of adverse weather conditions, farming and herbal medical remedies. He also injected into this solid tradition new ideas based on contemporary agricultural theories and his own experience concerning the identification of high-quality seed which should be grown separately from the rest to improve the quality of crops, as well as plant reproductive morphology, i.e., he believed that plants could be masculine or feminine. Juan de Valverde s  Despertador  and Guti érrez Salinas s  Discursos  similarly deal with agricultural and horticultural techniques; the first also discusses farming and the use of beasts of burden as well as the remedies to preserve one s estate in times of famine and inclement weather. \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n  The printer, Mat√≠as Mares, intended this text to be bound with Juan de Valverde s  Despertador , Diego Guti érrez Salinas s  Discursos del pan y del vino del Ni√±o Jes√∫s  originally printed in Alcal√° de Henares in 1600 and here summarised and Gregorio de los Rios s  Agricultura de jardines  printed in Zaragoza in 1604. This copy contains the 4 ll. of preliminaries (plus an additional leaf of errata) and 242 ll. of text which encompass the (complete) works by Herrera, Valverde and Salinas. The separately printed 6 ll. containing de los Rios s work were not bound in this copy, as Palau, see below.  \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n  Jos é de Aguirre SJ was an Inquisitor whose  expurgatorio  dating from the 1640s is recorded in other Spanish books. He authored the pamphlet  Profec√≠a de Santa Hildegardis .\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"HERRERA, Gabriel Alonso de.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816155947343,"sku":"L2970a","price":1850.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/IMG_4157.jpg?v=1781794911"},{"product_id":"mercuriale-girolamo","title":"MERCURIALE, Girolamo","description":"\u003cp\u003eVery good copy of the third edition of this important, scarce treatise on medical conditions affecting women. Girolamo Mercuriale (1530-1606) was an Italian physicist and philologist most famous for his  De Arte Gymnastica  (1569) on physical therapy, exercise and well-being among the ancients. As professor of practical medicine at Padua, he wrote numerous treatises on subjects as varied as pestilence, skin diseases, poison and diseases of children. First published in 1587,  De morbis muliebribus praelectiones  was entirely devoted to the ailments to which women were most prone. The prefatory letter highlighted the relevance of the medical knowledge of female physiology ( gestation of the womb, birth and miscarriage ) for jurisprudence, quoting from Justinian s  Decretum  on issues of legitimacy and heredity. The focal points of the work are indeed menstruation, sterility, conception, pregnancy, birth and miscarriage. Each section illustrates a specific condition, its causes, diagnosis and treatment, addressing questions like the effects of different kinds of semen for conception and of  coitus  on pregnant women (too much can cause miscarriage), the perils of blood clots, gonorrhea, several kinds of womb and breast inflammation, and numerous conditions related to menstruation (e.g., discolouration, excessive flux). Mercuriale  advocated the use of the vaginal speculum to determine the state of the uterus and was among the first to refer to the lack of fertility among the noble class  (Erdmann, 32). A scarce, ground-breaking and incredibly thorough study of female physiology. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n Gregorio Fanti S.J. was rector of the College in Rome c.1706-10.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MERCURIALE, Girolamo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816156701007,"sku":"L2881","price":1850.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/20190404_163159.jpg?v=1781794908"},{"product_id":"planis-campy-david-de","title":"PLANIS CAMPY, David de.","description":"\u003cp\u003eVery rare first edition of this most interesting medical work based on astrology and alchemy, beautifully printed with a fine engraved portrait of the author and hermetic title, with an additional beautifully engraved alchemical title.  An author who deserves greater attention than he has received is David de Planis Campy (1589-ca.1644), who produced ten works on medical chemistry and traditional alchemy. He was a councillor and Chirurgien ordinaire to Louis XIII, and his works were collected and published in a folio volume in 1646. He wrote that alchemy is a science that teaches the means of separating the elements of each mixed body produced by nature and of separating the pure from the impure. A. G. Debus,  The French Paracelsians . Planis Campy wrote on phlebotomy, musket wounds, the plague, and mineral and chemical remedies. He made several references to Dee s Monas in his works. The engraved title page flatteringly presents King Louis XIII as the  French Hercules . At the foot of the pedestal on the left there is a round diagram representing the principles of  the Great Work  with the Hebrew word  Yah , at the centre, which corresponds to the divine, heavenly principle. On the opposite side are the sun, moon and mercury, within a mountain or the philosophers stone. The portrait of the author is also very fine. The circular French inscription gives his name and states that here, in 1627, he is in his 38th year and is surgeon to the French King. It refers to him as  L Edelphe  a follower of the theories of Paracelsus, also indicated by references to the microcosm and macrocosm in the book placed in front of him. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The present work has the subtitle  the seven illness held, until now, to be incurable, and now treatable with the art of chemical medicine , the hydra of the title having seven heads. The work is thus divided into seven chapters each dealing with one of these illnesses. They are in order; Leprosy,  Podagre  or Gout, Hydropsie, Epilepsy, Cancer,  Noli me-tanger é  or hidden cancer, and  Escrouelles  another form of malign cancer. Each chapter gives a definition of the illness followed by its causes, various forms of the illness, its signs, and prognostics followed by various chemical cures devised by the author. As such it give tremendous insight into the new forms of  chemical  treatments that moved away from traditional Galenic medicine.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"PLANIS CAMPY, David de.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816163844431,"sku":"L3183","price":1950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/DSC_8436.jpg?v=1781794886"},{"product_id":"schultes-johann","title":"SCHULTES, Johann","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis copy belonged to Bartolomeo Folesani Riviera (1722-95), professor of Surgery at Bologna in 1749-95. The C18 surgeon Antonio Scarpa, when still a student, wrote that at Bologna  surgical practice was undertaken with an intelligence uncommon in other parts of Italy because in the main hospital worked Riviera, former student of the famous Molinelli  (Scarpa,  Epistolario ).  Excellent, superbly illustrated copy, of fresh impression, of this major, much translated surgical manual. It was first published posthumously in 1655, following the notes left by its author, Johannes Schultes (Scultetus, 1595-1645). A physician from Ulm, he received his doctorate at Padua studying with major surgeons like Fabricius ab Aquapendente and van de Spiegel.  Armamentarium  was extremely successful, this being the fifth edition in ten years. It was produced and structured in size and content to facilitate practical use, and illustrations were paramount. The 43 superb engravings are as fresh as when they were printed. The first part is organized as a commentary to each plate: e.g., on surgical instruments like the forceps,  cannulae  to treat intestinal ulcers and haemorrhoids and implements to extract a deceased foetus after a miscarriage; techniques to treat fractures, skull trauma, dental cavities, urinary tract stones (through operations portrayed with painful vividness) or amputated body parts, including breasts in case of cancer. The work is especially renowned for its proposed technique of hand amputation, which became the  routinely adopted method  after the first edition (Weinzweig,  Mutilated Hand , 9). The second part examines surgical operations  from head to heel , based on notes taken by Schultes during his daily work e.g.,  In 1637, on January 9, at 7pm, Johannes Happelius from Ulm 32 years old was wounded seven times , followed by the specific location of the wounds and the treatment and medicines provided, day by day. A milestone in the history of surgery; a fresh copy of illustrious provenance.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"SCHULTES, Johann","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816163942735,"sku":"L3120","price":4950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/IMG_20190719_145251.jpg?v=1781794886"},{"product_id":"rueff-jakob-1","title":"RUEFF, Jakob","description":"\u003cp\u003eFirst and only edition of this anonymous translation into English of  De conceptu et generatione hominis  the celebrated manual of obstetrics. The text is an improved version of Rösslin s  Der Swangern Frauen  but its importance to the embryologist lies in Rueff s illustrations which show contemporary ideas about mammalian embryology, which corrected many of Rösslin s more fantastic images, and which are copied in this English edition from Jost Amman s fine woodcuts. The book is addressed not only to midwives, pregnant women and women in childbed but also physicians and scholars in general.  Little is known of Jacob Rueff s early life except that he was born in 1500. Although primarily known as a physician, surgeon, and lithotomist, he was also a poet and writer of folk songs  His medical writings include a little book on tumours, astronomical notes for an almanac, and charts for blood letting. But easily his most important contribution was the publication of a practical handbook on mid-wifery in 1554. Published simultaneously in Latin and German, De conceptu et generatione hominis   became the required reading for the midwives of Zurich, for whose instruction and examination Rueff was made responsible. In 1637 an English translation was published in London with the title The expert midwife. .. Rueff s book was for over a century a major source of information for midwives and doctors. As he wrote:  my labours I bequeath to all grave modest and discreet women, as also to such as by profession, practice either physicke or chirurgery. And whose helpe upon occasion of extreame necessity may be usefull and good both for mother, child and midwife.  Much of Rueff s advice stems from that of classical writers or is taken from Rösslin s Rosegarten. A great deal is also very primitive to modern eyes. But it made a start at a time when midwifery had previously been strictly a woman s afair.  Peter Dunn.  Jacob Rueff (1500 1558) of Zurich and The expert midwife. Archives of disease in childhood . \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n  The following year [1637]a German work,  The Expert Midwife  by Jacob Rueff, was translated into English. Sadler s work [The Sicke Woman s Private Looking-Glasse] had drawn heavily on this text; Rueff, a Lutheran physician in Zürich, had published his book in both German and Latin back in 1554. The identity of its English translator remains a mystery, but its publication was clearly linked to Sadler s book, since Rueff was published by Edward Griffin, the husband of Anne Griffin, who had published Sadler. Rueff had been available for translation into English for decades, but his negative vision of the womb seems to have resonated in England only after the turn of the century. Both Rueff s and Sadler s books are important not just in their own right, but because parts of these books were incorporated into many subsequent popular medical works. Rueff and Sadler created a very different female body than that envisioned by Raynalde. Although traces of older ideas about wonder and mystery remain, the female body became a dangerous and unstable entity. In particular the womb, formerly wondrous, was now a threat. Both texts introduced themes into English popular medical manuels: the idea that the womb can threaten a woman s health and even her life, and a fascination with what happens when reproduction goes awry and monsters are produced  Mary Elizabeth Fissell.  Vernacular Bodies: The Politics of Reproduction in Early Modern England . \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n A good copy of this rare and most influential edition of the English translation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"RUEFF, Jakob","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816164237647,"sku":"L1634","price":4950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L1634-6.jpg?v=1781794879"},{"product_id":"du-chesne-joseph","title":"DU CHESNE, Joseph","description":"\u003cp\u003eRare first edition of the posthumous translation into French of Du Chesne s  Tetras gravissimorum totius capitis affectuum , first printed in 1606. A French physician and follower of Paracelsus, Du Chesne is mostly remembered for his important, if transitional, alchemical theories and for first introducing Paracelsus s antimonial remedies to France. This extensive work consists of discussions of Epilepsy, Vertigo, Apoplexy and Paralysis. Duchesne was born around 1544 in Armagnac and studied at Montpellier, and then at Basle, where he received a medical diploma in 1573. During the 1570s at Lyon, he married Anne Trie the granddaughter of Guillaume Bud é, and became a Calvinist. He went into medical practice and became physician to Francis, Duke of Anjou. He left Lyon in 1580 for Kassel in Hesse, and moved on to Geneva, where in 1584 he received citizenship. Duchesne was elected to the Council of Two Hundred in 1587, and undertook diplomatic missions to Bern, Basle, Schaffhausen and Zurich in the years 1589 to 1596. In 1598, following the Edict of Nantes, Duchesne returned to France and became physician-in-Ordinary attending Henry IV of France. In 1601 Nicolas Br√ªlart de Sillery gave him a mission as envoy to the Swiss cantons. In 1604 he went to the court of Maurice of Hesse-Cassel where he gave scientific demonstrations in a laboratory specially set up for him.  This rare book of neurology has an alchemical background, especially through the preparation and formulation of drugs, taken from the hermetic practice. The last part of the volume deals specifically with this subject:  La signature interne du Vitriol ,  Antimony ,  Gold and Silver ,  Bright Silver or Mercury . Du Chesne treatment for  epilepsy derives from the doctrine of the Galenic School but includes theories of the Spagyric School  o√π il est enseign é que la vraie anatomie des maladies se doit apprendre par la lumière de la nature du Grand Monde, dont l homme est l image . For Du Chesne, as for Paracelsus, the life of man is inseparable from that of the universe, where reign the   principes hypostatiques exprim és par le triangle alchimique: soufre, mercure et sel . His book ends with a curious chapter on  the vinification of gold  and how to make gold drinkable. He writes  le très chrestien roy de France [Henri IV] favorise la chimie: Sa Majest é a donn é permission de bastir un laboratoire avec toutes sortes de fourneaux pour pr éparer des remèdes spagyriques , and he gives a very complete and most interesting description of this chemical laboratory.  A most interesting and rare work; Ustc locates six copies only in libraries.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"DU CHESNE, Joseph","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816164598095,"sku":"L3186","price":1950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/IMG_20190718_155858.jpg?v=1781794877"},{"product_id":"meid_-zu-meitang-tu","title":"MEIDŌ ZU (MEITANG TU)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe title of the prints: Meid_(Illuminated hall) is derived from the name of the building in which the ancient Chinese Emperors conducted rituals and ceremonies related to cosmology. Here, the human body is the Meid , and a microcosm of the external world, the model and the image of the universe are depicted within it. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n In the illustration of three views of the figure, there are twelve main  qi  energy channels (meridians) handcoloured in red, yellow, white, black, and blue, representing Fire, Earth, Metal, Water and Wood, based on the traditional Chinese philosophy of  Wu Xing  (Five elements \/phases of the universe). The meridians and five phases combine and interact in a profound and complex manner. The invisible meridians run through the body, each corresponding to a particular organ, forming an intricate network of three hundred and forty-nine acu-moxa points, suggestive of constellations in the night sky. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The scrolls indicate the location of the acupuncture points and how deep the needle should go, as well as where to and not to apply moxibustion herbs to release or withhold energy. The classical Chinese text would not have been comprehensible to ordinary Japanese so these were designed for scholars. There was no public medical college in Japan at that time and many practising physicians also doubled as teachers, running small private medical schools alongside their practices. Hanging scrolls would have been eminently suited for both purposes. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n It was believed that acupuncture and moxibustion were introduced to Japan in the 5th century by the Korean immigrants. However, it was not incorporated into mainstream teaching until the 17th century when a large number of medical\/philosophy books were imported from China, and many highly skilled Chinese physicians sought sanctuary in Japan following the fall of the Ming dynasty. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n During the Edo period (1603   1868), Chinese philosophy and literature also flourished in Japan, and neo-Confucianism (Shushigaku) became the official doctrine for the ruling samurai government. From the evidence of these charts, Chinese medicines and Confucianism were likely taught side by side as they share the same roots   the belief that the function of the  qi  energy in the human body should be maintained in harmony and balance with the external world. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n Many Confucian scholars in the Edo period became medical doctors, adapting their knowledge and skills to the profession as they were able to study medical text books written in Chinese. As the urban population grew, so did the demand for physicians, and Chinese medicine was now taught at private schools or homes. The charts such as these could well have been hung on the wall of the schools or at the doctors  practices. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The Meido chart was modeled on a life-size bronze man with all the meridians and acu-moxa points drawn on the figure created in the Song dynasty (960   1279) in China, and therefore the charts are also called Meid d jin zu (Illuminated hall, bronze figures). Large printed figures such as these were used since the Ming dynasty (1368   1644). \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The scrolls are the Japanese version of the Ming dynasty  Mingtang tu  with additional information, and are one of the earliest examples of Japanese single-sheet woodblock prints showing sophisticated printing skills, with meticulous details and vigorous lines, which subsequently evolved into early ukiyo-e (picture of floating world) prints in the late 17th century. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n From the collection of Jean Blondelet, the greatest French collector of rare medical books of the 20th century.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MEIDŌ ZU (MEITANG TU)","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816166596943,"sku":"K131","price":27500.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/2022-01-03-13.11.24.jpg?v=1781794870"},{"product_id":"pare-ambroise-with-dufour-gerald-with-sabatier-jean-pierre","title":"PARÉ, Ambroise [with] DUFOUR, Gerald [with] SABATIER, Jean-Pierre","description":"\u003cp\u003eVery rare and important first edition of Ambroise Par é s greatest work, illustrated with a woodcut portrait of Par é at the age of 55 and 41 woodcuts depicting surgical operations and instruments.  The Cinq livres contains all new material. It had been called by several serious writers Par é s chef d oeuvre. In it appears the first description of the fracture of the head and of the femur. Secondly, it is the first appearance of the whole teaching of bandages, fractures, and dislocations which has come down to us from the ancients, broadened by Par é s own experience. It is undoubtedly one of his most important works  (Doe 19). This eminently practical work is very rare, even more so in good condition, as copies were undoubtedly much used in the field as a practical guides.  Par é s original books, all very rare today, were handy volumes, small enough for the field surgeon s knapsack  Hagelin.  During the 1537 siege of Turin, a young French barber-surgeon abandoned the conventional wisdom about the treatment of bullet wounds, giving rise to a revolution in surgical techniques and pedagogy. Ambroise Par é .. set the stage for the modern melding of scientific medicine and the invasive procedures that define surgery at the turn of the 21st century. The dogmatic quality of Galenism meant that physicians until the Renaissance   and in many ways until the 19th century   did not practice a medicine based on practical observation, experience, and empirical analysis. The treatments proscribed by Galen and the earlier Hippocratic writings were first comprehensively challenged by Par é and the anatomical writings of Par é s contemporary, Andreas Vesalius.   Par é made his break from the traditional practices in 1537 when he ran out of the boiling oil solution conventionally used to  detoxify  and cauterize wounds caused by gunpowder-driven projectiles. He replaced this harsh treatment with a soothing balm made from egg yolks, rose oil, and turpentine. The next morning, he was astonished to find the recipients of his new treatment were resting easily while those who suffered the cauterizing oil were  feverish  and afflicted with  great pain and swelling about the edges of their wounds . Seeing the dramatic difference between the  proper  and improvised treatments, Par é resolved to only treat cases with procedures he had personally observed to be useful. This resulted in such innovations as the use of ligatures in amputations, treatments for sucking chest wounds, and a cure for chronic ulcers of the skin. Although this experimentally driven medicine did not come to define the physician s practice until the rise of the Paris Clinic in the 19th century, these first writings established an important foundation of empiricism in European medicine.   By writing in his native language, Par é was able to produce a series of volumes renowned for their clarity of form and easily accessible to his fellow barber-surgeons. His reliance upon the experiences of a long and notable career (he was often away at wars, attending high officials and, later, kings) gave his arguments heft .. [His] publications went beyond the descriptions of procedures and his books included illustrations of the instruments he employed, another groundbreaking innovation for surgical texts. .. Ambroise Par é s numerous technical innovations and literary contributions to the art of surgery were deeply felt in the continued development of surgery following the 16th century. .. His emphasis on techniques that minimized the damage done to the tissues of the patient has guided the development of the gentle art of surgery in the many centuries since his writings first appeared. Although his writings and techniques appeared during a time in which surgery was a separate realm from medicine proper, physicians and surgeons can now look to Par é as the founder of modern surgery, a restorative process that heals the body with minimal suffering.  Drucker.  Ambroise Par é and the Birth of the Gentle Art of Surgery.  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The work was bound with two very interesting C18th medical theses both printed at the University press at Montpellier, the world s oldest medical school still in operation, by C. Bergouhnioux, a surgeon and author of medical works.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"PARÉ, Ambroise [with] DUFOUR, Gerald [with] SABATIER, Jean-Pierre","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816166728015,"sku":"K174","price":29500.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/Untitled-23-copy_9c7dfabe-cbd3-4544-86db-2b9dfb3c264d.jpg?v=1781794867"},{"product_id":"alpino-prospero","title":"ALPINO, Prospero","description":"\u003cp\u003eA well-margined copy of this remarkably influential medical treatise  one of the earliest European studies of non-Western medicine  (Norman 39) interpreted not as a different tradition but as a parallel system of practices that could be compared to Western ones, sometimes through the work of Venetian colleagues. Prospero Alpini (1553-1617) was a Venetian physician and botanist whose fame led to his appointment as prefect in charge of the botanical garden in Padua, one of the oldest in the world, and professor at the same university. His numerous works concerned with medicine and botany were greatly influenced by his travels in Egypt in the early 1580s, as personal physician to Giorgio Emo, Venetian Consul at Cairo.  De medicina Aegyptiorum  is entirely devoted to the medical customs of Egyptians, and structured in the form of a dialogue between Alpinus and the botanist Melchior Guilandino. The first section discusses the state of art of Egyptian medicine, the most frequent illnesses and epidemics. A substantial part was devoted to the plague, its recent manifestation in Cairo (with half a million victims) and its transmission (through contagion from Greece, not as believed in natural cycles of seven years).  For European readers with much more than an academic interest in questions of the origin and means of transmission of the plague, Alpini s views remained points of reference and contention well into the nineteenth century  (Seth,  Difference and Disease , 35). The second, third and fourth sections are devoted to medical practice. Alpinus was critical of the Egyptian practice of blood-letting, to which a handsome full-page woodcut is devoted; in his opinion it was used too often (even on children) and the amount of blood let was excessive. He compared Egyptian techniques and practices to those of Venetian colleagues. His examination of various conditions, procedures and treatments is interwoven with considerations on the importance of diet, the positive or detrimental consumption of specific fruit and vegetables and the use of  decocti  for therapeutic purposes. The most important example the explanation of how to prepare  choua , which tastes like chicory is also the first appearance of coffee in print. Alpinus calls it the seed of a tree he saw growing in the orchard of the Turkish sultan; he guides the reader through the brewing procedure made by a filtering process. It could benefit women with menstruation, as a facilitator of purgation, and was generally drunk quite liberally, like wine in the West, at public taverns. The work includes a Tharachfaruc, a list of drugs and antidotes which he compares to the  Theriaca Andromachi  used in Venice. The early annotator of this copy was particularly interested in the preparation and therapeutic use of cannabis. A ground-breaking work which brought to the West new treatments, medical theories and comparative practices; it still held a safe place on the shelves of C18 and C19 physicians.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"ALPINO, Prospero","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57816169251151,"sku":"L3123","price":3950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/IMG_4207.jpg?v=1781794858"},{"product_id":"pistorius-johann-heilbronner-jacob","title":"PISTORIUS, Johann. HEILBRONNER, Jacob","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe scarce first edition of this demonological-medical controversy on the Practical Kabbalah, between two important German theologians, one Catholic, the other Protestant. The German Johann Pistorius (1546-1608) was physician to Margrave Karl II of Baden-Durlach; in 1588, he converted from Lutheranism to Calvinism and later Catholicism. This edition features excerpt from  De arte cabalistica  (Basel, 1587), on the Jewish mystic tradition and esotericism, which Pistorius wrote the year before his Catholic conversion, inspired by Reuchlin s of 1517. In  De operatione , the focus is on Practical Kabbalah, or the part concerning  white magic : ways of making amulets and talismans, and the nature of angels and demons. In particular, it discusses Pistorius s key observations on its use for treating illnesses. Each excerpt by Pistorius is followed by a  glossa  devised to confute it, by the Lutheran theologian Jacob Heilbronner (1548-1618). Heilbronner begins with an introduction on the figure of the  magi , often confused with astronomers or astrologers, but truly people  who entertain commerce with demons . He even associates Pistorius with them:  a magus   is very rapacious for money and honours, vices which everyone knows are shared by the obnoxious Pistorius . Heilbronner considered Pistorius s theories on the cabbalistic treatment of illnesses as black magic. The most important issue he sought to confute was the mystic power, especially the healing power, of words from the Scriptures, in the form, for instance, of charms used to treat people, even of the plague. Heilbronner s criticism often extends to Practical Kabbalah as a whole a  corruption of the Holy Scriptures, when from letters, numbers, figure, anagrams, conjunctions, spaces and similar details one draws allegorical meanings and mysteries .\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"PISTORIUS, Johann. HEILBRONNER, Jacob","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57820344156495,"sku":"L2607","price":2950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/IMG_8282-scaled.jpg?v=1781794825"},{"product_id":"le-paulmier-pierre","title":"LE PAULMIER, Pierre.","description":"\u003cp\u003eA very good copy of the second edition of this fascinating chemical and medical work  tr√®s rare  (Caillet). Pierre Le Paulmier (Palmerius, b.1568) was nephew of Julien, physician to Charles IX. After studying at Paris and qualifying in 1596, he worked as a physician at the H‚àö¬•pital H‚àö¬•tel-Dieu. In 1603, he was summoned to the Faculty of Medicine to defend himself for proposing that apothecaries should be taught Paracelsian spagyric chemistry, the separation and re-assembling of the fundamental elements of bodies (Kahn, 360). First published in 1608,  Lapis philosophicus  worsened his ambivalent reputation as a supporter of the Faculty s Hippocratic and Galenic doctrines and an advocate of chemical medicines, according to Paracelsianism. Whilst believing that health depended on the harmony of the micro- and macrocosm, Paracelsus upheld that physicians should have sound knowledge of chemistry and the natural sciences, pioneering the use of chemical substances and minerals for treating illnesses. Through an attack on his disciple Libavius,  Lapis  sought to compromise between the ancient tradition and Paracelsianism, by celebrating the first whilst preserving the valuable parts of the second ( true alchemy , or chemistry) which, he argued, Libavius and Paracelsus had nevertheless misunderstood. It begins with an account of Paracelsus s ideas, and reasons to reject them, Libavius s Paracelsianism in relation to the  Greek tradition, the nature and chemistry of medicaments, chemical elements,  the necessity of alchemy , and the characteristics of  metalla . The work  attempted to square the use of metallic drugs such as hydrargyrum, stibium and aurum potabile with Galenic orthodoxy.   [this] served as the foundation for a justification   of chemical distillates. A book that purported to be an attack on Paracelsus and   Libavius as poisoners rather than physicians was in fact a defence of the search for celestial essences in sublunary phenomena  (Brockliss, 76). The final section is a case-study on a woman aged 45 with elephantiasis (fibrosis of the skin) who was treated unsuccessfully by Libavius and successfully by physicians of the French School, with the  alchemy of the ancient . A fascinating, important work in the history of chemistry.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"LE PAULMIER, Pierre.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57820348973391,"sku":"L3431","price":2250.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/Untitled-8-copy.jpg?v=1781794802"},{"product_id":"rowzee-lodwick","title":"ROWZEE, Lodwick","description":"\u003cp\u003eExtremely rare first edition on Rowzee s book on the curative powers of mineral water and the Chalybeate spring. In 1629 the first royal visitor to the  Wells  was Queen Henrietta Maria, wife of King Charles I, who stayed for six weeks. As there was no accommodation available at that time, the Royal entourage camped on the Common. It was not until the latter part of the 17th century that the first permanent lodging houses were erected. With the royal seal of approval, Tunbridge Wells quickly became the most fashionable drinking spa near London, since it was much closer than Bath or Buxton. Following the Royal visit, Dr Lodwick Rowzee, a physician from Ashford, published this paper on the medicinal qualities of the spring. He established guidelines for the quantity of water that should be drunk and recommended starting with 2_ pints a day increasing to four times that amount during the course of a visit and reducing the amount when preparing to leave the Wells. Rowzee also recommended walking after taking the water and this became part of the daily ritual.  The water helpeth also the running of the reines, whether it be Gonorrhea simplex or Venria,   In the behalf of women  there is nothing better against barrennesse, and to make them fruitful . It was to honour the six-month visit of Queen Henrietta Maria in 1629 that Rowzee coined the name  The Queenes Wells , for  Like the spa waters in Belgium, Tunbridge waters were credited with special efficacy in matters gynaecological, which is exactly why the Queen s doctors could direct here for treatment to an obscure and uninhabited place where her only accommodation would be a tent  J.G.C.M Fuller,  Chalybeate Springs at Tunbridge wells  in 200 Years of British Hydrogeology . \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n  It was perhaps relatively easy to portray the purging waters as medicinal since they had not only an obvious effect but also a distinctive taste. As Jameson remarked,  If they had no bad taste nor smell, the patients would have no confidence in their virtues  The chalybeate waters required a greater insistence on the potential danger, as the Antwerp-born physician, Lewis Rouse, (Rowzee) recognized in 1632.  Many haue falne into diseases, feavers and vnadvisedly and vnprepared to those waters, although there is nothing better for agues, then they are, if they be rightly and advisedly vsed, the body being first prepared and purged.  Rouse s cautions continued to be influential in Tumbridge Wells, being reproduced first in an exact reprint of 1671 and then stripped of all references to Galen, in an edition of 1725 that purported to be a new work by a living author.  David Harley,  A Sword in a Madman s Hand. . \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n A rare and most interesting work.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"ROWZEE, Lodwick","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57820350906703,"sku":"L3397","price":2950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/DSC_9611.jpg?v=1781794796"},{"product_id":"bartisch-georg","title":"BARTISCH, Georg.","description":"\u003cp\u003eA very good copy of the first edition of this exceptional and ground-breaking medical book the first on eye surgery and the first ophthalmic book in the German language. It provides the first comprehensive view of Renaissance eye surgery. Georg Bartisch (1535-1607) started his career as an itinerant surgeon in Saxony, Bohemia and Silesia. Having settled in Dresden, he became renowned for his surgical techniques to treat cataract and remove eye cancers; he used his vast experience to write  Ophthalmodouleia . These achievements earned him the post of oculist to Duke Augustus I of Saxony, to whom the work is dedicated. Only 3 works on ophthalmology had been published before Bartisch s, and none so lavishly illustrated. The woodcuts, probably sketched by Bartisch himself, were cut by Hans Hewamaul.  Two of the woodcut illustrations were produced with overlays showing anatomical parts lying successively one under the other.   Bartisch was the first to illustrate the brain and the eye in this manner  (Albert,  Introduction , ii). The 13 chapters span the anatomy of the head and eye, eye conditions and their surgical treatments (with special attention to the five different kinds of cataract Bartisch s specialism), as well as pharmacopoeia. Very interesting are the sections devoted to strabismus and the  squint mask  a medical instrument first mentioned in writing in the 7th century covering the head and face in different ways (even with funnels around the eyes), according to the type of strabismus. Along state-of-the-art surgical techniques, a few sections reveal the unexpected role which superstition and popular religion played in Bartisch s overall understanding of disease and cure. Two large woodcuts show handsomely portrayed amulets to be worn, round the neck, by people suffering from weak sight; among these are a heart with a crucifix, a pendant with a serpent wrapped around a cross, and a small book. A fascinating detail shedding light on the  marketing  of early modern medicine is found in two woodcuts portraying a pair of pliers which can be used to  stamp  the doctor s name onto little  cakes  used to administer medications. A most attractive medical work, with unusual illustrations. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n This copy was purchased soon after its publication by Andreas Laubmar (or Laubmaier, fl. late C16\/early C17), professor of law at Tubingen and councillor to the Duke of Wurttemberg.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"BARTISCH, Georg.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57820388327759,"sku":"K201","price":75000.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/K201-7.jpg?v=1781793809"},{"product_id":"paracelsus-theophrastus-llull-raimundus","title":"[PARACELSUS, Theophrastus; LLULL, Raimundus]","description":"\u003cp\u003e.A good copy of the first edition of this scarce German Paracelsianum, unusually illustrated with fine woodcuts of surgical scenes. The Swiss Theophrastus von Hohenheim (1493\/4-1541) used the pseudonym Paracelsus for most of his successful career as an alchemist, philosopher and physician. He was very influential in the development of empirical observation and the use of chemistry (embracing toxicology) in medical practice, though associated with Hermetic and occult philosophies. After his death, many spurious alchemical texts were attributed to him for marketing purposes and printed individually or in collections, as here. Hence their complex bibliographical history and his increasing reputation as a magician.  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n . Wundt unnd Leibartznei  is entirely devoted to the treatment of wounds and fractures, with a final section on the  French disease  (syphilis). It is a thematic selection from  Grosse Wundarznei  (or  Chirurgia Magna , 1536) a treatise inspired by his experience as an army physician. The latter was the first medical work attributed in print to  Doctor Paracelsus  and one of few printed in his lifetime (Pagel, 5). According to Paracelsus, wounds should mostly be left to heal on their own, which contrasted with the detailed anatomical, clinical and surgical descriptions of Antoine Par é, who had begun publishing his theories in the 1540s. Paracelsus pays great attention to the corruption of the patient s body through disorderly diet, for instance, as physical balance was paramount to encourage healing. He also provides recipes of herbal or homemade remedies, as well as chemical composites (e.g.,  wundpulver , made of sulphur, vitriol, etc.), which help wounds heal, whilst opposing the use of traditional remedies like dung, as he thought that wounds should be kept clean. The last section of the first part deals with syphilis (Frantzosen Sch‚àö¬ßden): he discusses surgical interventions such as the cauterisation of sores, and proposes the use of mercury as a medical remedy. The second part comprises the treatise  Quinta Essentia  by the C14 philosopher Ramon Llull, concerning the fundamental essence of the universe, which was believed to be present in small quantities also in mercury. A scarce work.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"[PARACELSUS, Theophrastus; LLULL, Raimundus]","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859628368207,"sku":"L3354","price":5750.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/1-7_00a9badf-37b9-4367-bd8d-8782a37a0db5.jpg?v=1781793801"},{"product_id":"paracelsus","title":"PARACELSUS.","description":"\u003cp\u003e.This copy was in the library of Sigmund von Polheim (1531-98), Herr zu Polheim, Parz und Steinhaus, Austria. After studying at the court of Lorraine and elsewhere abroad, he married Potentiana von Hohenfeld and moved to Schloss Parz, in Grieskirchen. Inspired by his humanist scholarly education, he decorated the castle in a Renaissance style; in particular, the southern façade bears the largest cycle of frescoes ever produced in northern Europe. He promoted local schools and was a music lover.  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .A very good, clean copy of these scarce medical Paracelsiana. The Swiss Theophrastus von Hohenheim (1493\/4-1541) used the pseudonym Paracelsus for most of his successful career as an alchemist, philosopher and physician. He was very influential in the development of empirical observation and the use of chemistry (embracing toxicology) in medical practice, though associated with Hermetic and occult philosophies. After his death, many spurious alchemical texts were attributed to him for marketing purposes and printed individually or in collections, as here. Hence their complex bibliographical history and his increasing reputation as a magician. Of the three works in this collection, the first  Verantwortung  comprises seven defences of Paracelsus s theories. The sections on natural magic, cosmology and demonology drew from his magnus opus  Astronomia magna , only printed for the first time in 1571. Among other things, the work addresses his views on toxicology and chemistry (e.g., arsenic and quicksilver), and the  false art  of alchemists. The second  Labyrinthus Medicorum Errantium  focuses on the  mistakes  of physicians following the  old medicine , not the  book of nature , i.e., the knowledge of the chemical composition of basic natural elements, which Paracelsus strongly advocated. In particular, the section concerning why  a physician without the knowledge of alchemy cannot call himself a physician  explains his views on the workings and abuses of alchemy. Other discuss the importance of the  Liber experientiae , the only true medical book of any use, by which science and experience should proceed together through  experimentation , or the importance of natural magic as  teacher  to medicine. The third work  Von den Tartarischen Kranckheiten  is devoted to illnesses caused by the accumulation of  tartarus , a dry deposit formed of coagulated salt, as a result of the digestive process. In the form of grit or small stones, it could build up in the teeth, lungs, stomach or kidneys. The work discusses its nature, kinds, formation (in men and women), illnesses caused, body parts affected, and treatments. This study  epitomises and applies all that is essential in Paracelsus  reform of pathology.   embedded in [the] idea of tartar, one can find such notable protoscientific observations as the appreciation of acid as a potent factor in digestion and of albumen in urine as an important indicator of disease  (Pagel, 157). An attractive copy of this scarce medico-alchemical work.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"PARACELSUS.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859628990799,"sku":"L3400","price":6500.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L3400-1.jpg?v=1781793799"},{"product_id":"mercado-luis-1","title":"MERCADO, Luis","description":".Handsome copy of this medical treatise on fractures by the chief physician to the Spanish Habsburgs, Luis Mercado (c. 1520-1606). In 1592 Mercado was appointed by Philip II to this role, where his duties included  overseeing Spanish medicine, setting up standards for practice and licence, and acting as final court of appeal in proceedings against physicians.  (Musto, David.  The Theory of Hereditary Disease of Luis Mercado , 1961). Indeed, Mercado s career coincided with the Golden Age of Spanish medicine and scientific discovery. Mercado s most successful publication was his wide-ranging  Opera Omnia , a monumental treatise on the extent of medical knowledge at the time. The content ranged from epidemiology to paediatrics to traumatology. The complete works were published between 1594 and 1613 in four volumes, and constitute the greatest medical encyclopaedia of any Spanish author of the 16.th. century, which went on to be republished and reissued into the 17.th. century. .He is credited with the systemisation of Spanish medical research during his position as .C‚àö¬∞tedra de Prima de Medicina. at the University of Valladolid.\r \r .This text forms an independent work derived from his .Instituciones para el Aprovechamiento y Examen de los Algebristas (1599), published separately. .De Ossium fractura \u0026amp; curatione was published in five posthumous editions from 1625 to 1650. It  begins by explaining the articulation of bones and joints and their layout within the body. From this Mercado explains the reasons for and nature of fractures, dislocations, sprains and other such injuries, and how to heal them. Woodcuts illustrate the proposed, rather unenviable, treatments for algebraists, where men use a combination of their own strength and implements like ladders and tables with various levers and ropes to reconfigure dislocated or broken bones and joints. \r \r .Heirs of Hippocrates 216 states  Luis was one of the best-known physicians of the sixteenth century, professor of medicine at Valladolid, and physician to King Philip II and Philip III. He is best known for his extensive treatise of gynaecology and obstetrics . Pedro Jordan described Mercado in his 1620 eulogy;  Mercado was a man full of virtues, modest in dress, sparing in diet, humble in character, simple in manner . ","brand":"MERCADO, Luis","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859630465359,"sku":"L3583","price":5250.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/1-4_164f58ae-374a-4aaf-8ae2-771488d1c723.jpg?v=1781793795"},{"product_id":"kyper-alberti-with-puteanus-eryci-with-pleier-cornelius-with-hering-honorius","title":"KYPER, Alberti [with] PUTEANUS, Eryci [with] PLEIER, Cornelius [with] HERING, Honorius.","description":"\u003cp\u003e.Impressive collection of important and rare medical and cabbalistic works in one volume. The first is by the German physician, Albert Kyper (1614-1655). He studied at the University of K√∂nigsberg where he began in philosophy. However, conflict struck Germany during the Thirty Years War and he fled to the Netherlands. It was here that Kyper commenced his medical studies at the University of Leiden, eventually completing his PHD on venereal disease in 1640. Kyper was a humanist, and never lost touch with his philosophical roots, favouring the approaches of Aristotle and Galen in his research. Later in his life Kyper taught at both the Illustre Gymnasium in Breda and the University of Leiden. His illustrious career was cut short in 1655 when he died of plague. The first work informs the reader on the correct methods for practising medicine in a conversational and anecdotal manner, including discussion on the perfect doctor and the best locations to study.  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .The second work is by the humanist and philologist Erycius Puteanus (1574-1646) from Venlo in the Netherlands. Puteanus studied at Dordrecht and Cologne as well as following lectures on ancient history by the Flemish academic Justus Lipsius at Leuven. He travelled to Italy and was appointed professor of Latin at the Palatine School of Milan from 1600 to 1606. Following this, he took over Lipsius s position at Leuven and taught there for forty years. During this time Puteanus established himself as one of the pre-eminent professors. He produced encyclopaedic works on philology as well as more than ninety other topics including music and this work which includes a list of distinguished doctors. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .The third work in this handsome volume is by the Franconian doctor Cornelius Pleier (1595-1646\/49). Pleier studied at Coburg, Jena, Wittenberg and Basel and received his doctorate in medicine in 1620. Pleier was appointed Coburg and Kitzingen City Physician and professor of medicine at the Casimirarnum High School. Around 1628 Pleier took the dramatic decision to convert from Protestantism to Catholicism and fled the city of Kitzingen. During the Thirty Years War he worked as a field doctor on the imperial side and for his efforts was appointed Count Palatine. Later in life Pelier moved to Prague and was professor of medicine at Charles University. Pleier is known for his part in the Malleus Judicum, a lawsuit which sought to oppose prevalent beliefs in witches. The pamphlet boldly stood against witch persecution and inhumane litigation practices. This work examines the connection between medicine and astrology, featuring an attractive woodcut of a rather ambiguous astrological man. It states illness is due to conflict between stars, and requires the physician to find plants and animals linked by Sympathia to the star under attack in order to accumulate positive energy and restore the health of both the star and the patient (Cantamessa 6201).  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .The fourth work is by the doctor Honorius Hering and examines in particular arthritis in the aged and gout, including the causes of gout and the ways to treat and prevent the disease. Hering was also known for his Schediasmata, which were short writings compiled on medical subjects, a genre originated by the great scholar Henry Estienne (Pomata, Gianna. Sharing Cases: the Observationes in Early Modern Medicine, 2010).  .  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .The cover has the arms of the Abbott of Lambach with the characteristic female figure in a boat, the arms of the city of Lambach. The Benedictine Monastery at Lambach dates back to 1040 and was the school of Adolf Hitler. He allegedly got the symbol of the swastika from the Hakenkreuz used in much of the decoration of the building.  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .These works are all very rare and the first two are not found in the standard bibliographies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"KYPER, Alberti [with] PUTEANUS, Eryci [with] PLEIER, Cornelius [with] HERING, Honorius.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859633152335,"sku":"L3647","price":4950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L3647-1.jpg?v=1781793788"},{"product_id":"harvey-william","title":"HARVEY, William.","description":"\u003cp\u003e.Nominally the third edition of Harvey s great work  probably the most important book in the history of medicine  (Heirs of Hippocrates 256) however only the second of the complete text. The second edition (1635) omitted parts of the introduction and chapters one and sixteen of the text. Harvey (1578-1657) read medicine at Cambridge and Padua, where he was a pupil of Fabricius, was a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, Physician-in-charge at St. Bartholomew s Hospital, from 1615 Lumleian Lecturer and subsequently physician to King James I, Charles I and notables such as Francis Bacon. He was the most important medical figure in England of his day. But his fame rests on the publication in 1628 of this small work, describing accurately for the first time, the circulation of the entire system of the blood.  The scientifical outlook on the human body was transformed and behind almost every medical advance of modern times lies the work of Harvey  (Heirs of Hippocrates cit.sup). DSB vol.6 pg. 151 adds  By this discovery he revolutionised physiological thought   Beyond this, he inspired a whole new generation of anatomists who sought to emulate his methods in the study of animal functions. And, more generally still, his work was one of the major triumphs of early modern science, and thus helped to generate the enthusiasm for science that came to dominate European intellectual life during the second half of the seventeenth century.  Harvey s discovery of the functions of the circulation even now remains the cornerstone of modern physiology and medicine. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n . .Like the first, this edition is printed on indifferent paper and often with binding errors. Here however, Harvey s text is printed passage by passage alternately with his refutation of Parisano while the criticisms and refutations of Primrose constitute the separate second text. It is also the earliest complete edition obtainable. The last first we could find at auction, nearly twenty years ago, sold for approximately three quarters of a million US$.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"HARVEY, William.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859633938767,"sku":"L3675","price":45000.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/DSC_8022.jpg?v=1781793785"},{"product_id":"gabuccini-hieronymus-with-altomari-donato-antonio","title":"GABUCCINI, Hieronymus. [with] ALTOMARI, Donato Antonio.","description":"\u003cp\u003eFirst editions of these impressive medical works by Girolamo Gabuccini and Donato Antonio Altomari (1520-1556). Girolamo Gabuccini was an Italian physician who wrote on topics ranging from epilepsy to gout. This work focuses on parasitic worms and is the first separate treatise on the subject. The work was successful enough that a second, possibly pirated, edition appeared at Venice in 1547 and a third at Lyon in 1549. Although the parasites he discusses, like tapeworms, had been known since antiquity, Gabuccini was innovative in his approaches to understanding their formation and their treatment.  Gabuccini believed that the lesser heat in the intestine leads to tapeworm formation  (Egerton, Frank.  A History of the Ecological Sciences, Part 12: Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology during the 1500s , 2004). Gabuccini also discusses the liver fluke (fasciola hepatica) of sheep and goats, first written about by the French sheep farmer Jean de Brie in 1379. He attempts to understand how it infects the animal as well as the possible life cycle of the parasite. The English naturalist and physician Thomas Moffet (1553-1604) produced a commentary and analysis of Gabuccini s work on parasites in his  Of the Signs and Cure of Worms out of Gabucinus .  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\nThe second work is by the Italian doctor Altomari, who was an ardent follower of Middle Eastern medical practices and methodology. It focuses on gastroenterological processes including digestion, absorption and  purgatione , or cleansing. Altomari was born in Naples and studied medicine under the classical schools of Hippocrates and Galen as well as Arabic works. He became acquainted with major Neapolitan academics including Tansillo and Della Porta, and was renowned for his lively debating skills and anti-Paracelsian ideology. He published prolifically but came under fire in 1552 when he was summoned to Rome on charges of heresy as part of the reforms instigated by the Theatines. Altomari died sometime after 1562 and is buried in Naples at the Church of S. Maria delle Grazier in the Altomari Chapel.  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\nThis copy belonged to Pietro Antonio Vigada from Favria in Turin, who was a practising physician and the author of cure guides to common ailments such as fevers.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"GABUCCINI, Hieronymus. [with] ALTOMARI, Donato Antonio.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859633971535,"sku":"L3546","price":2350.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L3546-1.jpg?v=1781793785"},{"product_id":"liebault-jean-1","title":"LIÉBAULT, Jean.","description":"\u003cp\u003eImportant work that marks the beginning of Paracelsian chemical medicine in France by the renowned doctor and agronomist, Jean Li ébault (1535-1596), husband of Renaissance feminist poet Nicole Estienne (c. 1542-1588) and son in law of revered medical writer Charles Estienne (1504-1564). This work builds on the tradition laid out by Hieronymus Brunschwig, Philipp Ulstad and Conrad Gesner, discussing techniques of distillation using a variety of substances including oil, brandy, mercury and gold. It derives heavily from Gesner s  Theasaurus De remediis secretis  and involves a great deal of reference to Galenic medical practices. Li ébault recommends the distillation and consumption of mercury, vitriol and antimony, claiming that distilling them reduces their toxicity and increases their many health benefits. This text was published shortly after the Paris Faculty of Medicine condemned such practices. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n Li ébault begins by defining distillation and reviewing its accepted and varied techniques, e.g. by bain-marie or under the sun. He then discusses a number of distillates, for example tormentil (a herbaceous plant), and claims it is beneficial for ulcers, fistulas, internal wounds, dropsy and fevers. He goes on to mention other  distillates  like eggs, turtles, partridges, snakes, blood and even human excrement. Gesner was the first to define essential oils as the oily substances that emerges from some organic materials following distillation. Li ébault continues extolling the virtues of distilling aromatic plants like rosemary flowers and states administration of the oil can strengthen the heart and improve the memory. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n Prior to its employment as a recreational beverage, brandy and other alcohols were used purely by apothecaries and surgeons in their procedures, otherwise known as  fiery water . Li ébault claims that brandy can break internal abscesses if drunk, can help with redness of the eyes and restrict tears. His next section is probably the most notorious. Metallic substances are recommended to be distilled and consumed. Mercury is said to aid the lesions incurred by syphilis, and potable gold, a liquid solution containing gold, is declared to bring joy to the heart, delay old age, cure leprosy and prevent hair loss. He does take time to discuss the many sceptics of this method, but concludes by stating they are all liars.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"LIÉBAULT, Jean.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859638362447,"sku":"L3576","price":4950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/Untitled-11.jpg?v=1781793777"},{"product_id":"galen-3","title":"GALEN.","description":"\u003cp\u003eFirst separate edition of this French translation by Pierre Tolet of Galen‚Äôs major work on bloodletting, the imprint was shared and published simultaneously by Etienne Dolet. Pierre Tolet or Petrus Toletus (1502-1586) was a French doctor who pioneered, with Jean Canappe, the transmission of medical and surgical knowledge in the French language. He studied medicine in Montpellier (where he was a fellow student of Rabelais), before practicing at the H√¥tel-Dieu in Lyon eventually becoming Dean of the faculty. He set up a teaching program in French, with daily visits by students to the hospital with patients and created a single training course for doctors, barbers and apothecaries. A friend of Rabelais, he was also a leading figure in Lyon‚Äôs cultural life and a member of an influential circle of scholars (Barthélémy Aneau, Maurice Sc√®ve, etc.) He was one of the great popularisers of medical knowledge of his time, and was also a pioneer of the precedence of invention and discovery over received authority. ‚ÄúPierre Tolet is known to us mainly as one of the actors performing the ‚ÄòMorale comoedie de cellui qui avoit espousé une femme mute‚Äô (by Rabelais) at Montpellier. His importance goes however beyond the fact that he is mentioned by Rabelais. He was in fact one of the first men to demand the use of the French language in medicine.‚Äù C. A. Mayer. ‚ÄòPierre Tolet and the Paradoxe du Vinaigre‚Äô.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eEtienne Dolet played a major role in the publishing of these texts, encouraging both Tolet and Canappe in their translations, as he understood the significance of such a project, which was still radical in France at this period. Tolet leveraged the prestige of his training at he University of Montpellier to introduce the practise of teaching and writing in French at Lyon. It seems Tolet chose this classic text by Galen on bloodletting for translation as he felt it was an indispensable text in the practise of medicine. The history of bloodletting derives from Hippocrates who believed that existence was represented by the four basic elements‚Äîearth, air, fire, and water‚Äîwhich in humans were related to the four basic humors: blood, phlegm, black bile, yellow bile. Being ill meant having an imbalance of the four humors. Therefore treatment consisted of removing an amount of the excessive humor by various means such as bloodletting, purging, catharsis, diuresis, etc.. Galen in his treatise on the subject declared blood as the most dominant humor and under his huge influence the practice of venesection gained even greater importance in the history of medicine.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"GALEN.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859639378255,"sku":"L3384","price":3750.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L3384-1.jpg?v=1781793773"},{"product_id":"castro-rodrigo","title":"CASTRO, Rodrigo.","description":"\u003cp\u003eHandsome collection of the 1604 reissue (Pars prima) and the 1603 first edition (Pars secunda) of this hugely important gynaecological treatise by Rodrigo de Castro (c. 1546-1627\/29). Part one discusses the anatomy of the uterus and breasts; semen and menses; coitus; conception and pregnancy; labour and breastfeeding, and part two discusses various female diseases, including those allegedly particular to widows and virgins, issues with pregnancy and child birth as well as the health of wet nurses. \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e Rodrigo de Castro Lusitano was a Jewish-Portuguese physician who moved to Hamburg in 1594 to escape anti-Semitic persecution. He studied at Salamanca and was then asked by Philip II of Spain to go to India and select medicinal plants to bring to Spain; though Castro refused on health grounds. De Castro s wife died in 1603, leaving him alone with young children. The same year the present work was published. This forms the first treatise on gynaecology written by a Portuguese author, combining acute medical and anatomical observations with contemporary opinions on women and superstitious beliefs in monstrous beings. De Castro provides a list of medicines to be administered for avoiding a pregnancy likely to result in birthing a monster. \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e The work makes extensive reference to ancient medical texts, classical and Arabic, including Hippocrates, Aristotle, Pliny, Soranus, Galen Averroes and Avicenna. De Castro combines this with considerable interaction with contemporary European authors like Mercado, Par é and Rousset. Pregnancy and child birth was predominantly attended to by midwives, not doctors, in this era, yet de Castro describes many ailments and treatments in detail, including a massage that should be given to encourage child birth, as well as recommending the presence of the husband, which was unheard of at the time. Semen and menstrual blood is discussed in detail. De Castro believed women had semen and that it was, to an extent, animate. He also believed menstrual blood nourished the child in the womb and that it was not, contrary to common opinion, hotter than man's blood. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CASTRO, Rodrigo.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859640656207,"sku":"L3709","price":3750.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"acosta-cristobal","title":"ACOSTA, Cristóbal","description":"\u003cp\u003eFirst edition of this beautifully illustrated, influential work on medicinal plants of the East Indies. The splendid woodcuts are the first images of Indian flora printed in Europe, made from the author’s own accurate drawings.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA Portuguese doctor, naturalist and botanist, Cristóbal Acosta (c. 1525-1594) is considered a pioneer in the study of Indian plants and their use in pharmacology. He was born in Africa – in his works he calls himself ‘Africanus’ – possibly in Tangiers or Ceuta (Portuguese at the time) or in Cape Verde. Around 1550, after completing his studies in Arts and Medicine in Spain, he travelled as a soldier to India. In the city of Goa, he met the great physician and naturalist García da Orta, the first European to describe the indigenous drug plants of India in his ‘Coloquios dos simples’. Appointed personal physician of the viceroy Luís de Ataíde, Acosta returned to Goa in 1568 and spent many years studying the local flora and collecting botanical specimens from various parts of India. His ‘Tractado de las drogas’ is an illustrated adaptation of Da Orta’s earlier treatise, with a series of interesting additions of his own. Acosta states: “The learned Dr. Orta has written with curiosity and diligence, but he has used reports, whereas I have set down what I have seen with my own eyes and depicted from life”.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn this work, Acosta describes a total of sixty-nine botanical species for medicinal use. Each entry contains an attractive illustration, a general description of the plant, its morphological elements (root, stem, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds), geographical environment, therapeutic and dietary properties, and finally commercialization and industrial uses. References to the great classical naturalists of Greco-Latin antiquity are combined with the traditional guidelines of Galenic therapy. Among the species described, we find: nutmeg, tamarind, coconut, ginger, cardamom, mango, rhubarb, and asafoetida. Some of them, such as cinnamon, black and white pepper, cloves, nutmeg or opium had not been mentioned by da Orta. The author also depicts a few native American plants, including the pineapple, amber, rubber tree, sugar cane and the “Indian fig” of Peru. At the end, there is a fascinating section titled ‘Tractado del Elephante y de sus calidades’, that is a ‘treatise on the elephant and its qualities’ – this is considered the first monograph on the Indian elephant printed in Europe. It includes a realistic drawing of an elephant leaning against the trunk of a coconut palm and another of a war elephant with a castle on its back. Acosta’s ‘Tractado’, is also among the first works to record words from the basque language.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe ex-libris of “Don Fernando de Henao Monjaraz” appears on several volumes held in the National Library of Madrid and in other Spanish libraries (Real Academia de la Lengua, Biblioteca de Palacio). A bibliophile and owner of a large book collection, Don Fernando is identified by most scholars as a relative of the Spanish poet and nobleman Gabriel de Henao Monjaraz (1589-1637) – possibly his son, but it must be noted that his father and brother had the same name. He might be the same Don Fernando de Henao Monjaraz, noble knight of Santiago, who enrolled in the ‘Escuela de Cristo’ (a catholic institution for secular priests) in 1659 and died in 1698.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"ACOSTA, Cristóbal","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859642360143,"sku":"L3694","price":15000.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/1_15ce3ea0-c7fe-4aaa-8126-5dec9029f530.jpg?v=1781793750"},{"product_id":"le-pois-nicolas","title":"LE POIS, Nicolas.","description":"\u003cp\u003eA very good copy of the second edition of this bestselling treatise on diagnostics by Le Pois. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The French Nicolas Le Pois (also known as Nicolaus Piso, 1527-1587) was born at Nancy, and he is regarded as one of the best physicians of the 16th century. After studying Medicine in Paris under the celebrated Jacobus Sylvius (1478-1555), he succeeded his brother Anthony as physician to Charles III, duke of Lorraine, in 1578. The beautiful oval portrait, depicting Le Pois at 52 years of age in 1579, was realised by the French engraver, painter, sculptor and Pierre Woeiriot de Bouzey (c. 1532 1596). \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n  De cognoscendis et curandis praecipue internis humani corporis morbis  is Le Pois chief work, which he realised collecting information from the best medical books written from Hippocrates to his day and integrating his own personal experience. Interestingly, the list of his sources (at the beginning) includes the contemporary Parisian academics  Duretus, Pietreus, Gormelen, Rochon, Marescot  whose works were unpublished; Lepois states  we hope, God willing, that their numerous and diverse works will soon be published . The author originally composed this treatise for his two sons, Christian and Charles, as a useful guide for their medical studies. However, after reading the manuscript, his friend and celebrated physician Anutius Foesius (1528-1595) convinced him to publish it. The first edition, printed in Frankfurt in 1580, was a great success. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n Le Pois dedicates special attention to the identification of symptoms ( cognoscendi ), followed by their appropriate cure ( curandi ). The work is divided into three books, in which diseases are presented for each body part from the head downwards. Particularly interesting are the chapters on insanity and melancholy, in which the author advises to resist the disease in the early stages, before it becomes too strong.  The French physician Nicolas Le Pois recommends a form of shock treatment to change false fixed mental habits: when a melancholic succumbs to false fears or strange ideas, he should  stop upon a sudden, curb himself in , deliberately thinking of something opposite or doing something to distract himself  (Lund). A final section, with its own separate title page, contains a short work titled  De Febribus , dedicated to describing different types of fever and how to treat them. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The note on fly can be translated as  Claudantonius Buson of Besançon, bought [this book] for himself, 1595 . Born at Besançon in 1569, Claude-Antoine Buson, Lord of Fontain, Champdiver and Auxon, was a French nobleman and governor of the city from 1594 to 1627. A renowned jurist who obtained his degree in Law in 1590, he became adviser to the parliament of Dole in 1630. He is the author of various printed and manuscript works.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"LE POIS, Nicolas.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859643539791,"sku":"L3760","price":4500.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L3760-2.jpg?v=1781793744"},{"product_id":"santa-sofia-marsilio-santa-sofia-galeazzo-parisiensis-richardus-de-gradi-antonio-and-barzizza-cristoforo","title":"SANTA SOFIA, Marsilio, SANTA SOFIA, Galeazzo, PARISIENSIS, Richardus, DE GRADI, Antonio and BARZIZZA, Cristoforo.","description":"\u003cp\u003eA very good copy of this rare collection of treatises on fevers, their causes and treatment, one in its FIRST EDITION. This is the second and enlarged edition of the collection, by Michel de Capella (first 1514). The decoration of the fine contemporary Italian binding   elegant and simple, with a single gilt rule border, delicate blind lines and  aldine  leaves to corners   is typical of the Venetian bindings of the period (see De Marinis II, pl. cccxxxiii). In particular, the style is close to Aldine bindings made by Andrea di Lorenzo, or  Mendoza Binder  (Venice, c. 1518-1555), and a similar example with black edges is recorded by Davis (The Henry Davis Gift n. 261). \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The first two essays are by members of the renowned family of physicians  de Santa Sofia , of Padua. Marsilio (c. 1338-1405), was the most illustrious: after graduating, he taught logic and medicine in Padua from 1367 to 1381; later, he became physician to Gian Galeazzo Visconti, first duke of Milan. He dedicated his life to teaching and writing medical commentaries. His  De febribus , first published in 1507, deals with all the symptoms of fever and how to treat them, then presents a series of different types of fever, including tertian and quartan, and the  febris pestilentialis , a term which often referred to plague. Interestingly, Marsilio worked in Venice in 1393, when an episode of plague broke out in the city. Galeazzo (d. 1427) was Marsilio s nephew, who, after teaching medicine in Padova and Bologna, moved to Vienna as physician to Albert IV, duke of Austria. His treatise on fevers (first ed. 1514) is in two parts, the first concerns fever in general, how to treat acute fever, and it presents a series of  regimina , or therapies to cure various symptoms; the second deals with the different fevers, including  febris pestilentialis ,  febris colericis  and  febris flegmatice . \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The third treatise in the collection by Richardus Parisiensis, specifically focuses on fever s symptoms (signa). The author of the fourth treatise is Antonio de Gradi (fl.1458), a Milanese doctor mostly known for this particular essay on fevers. The last work, printed here for the first time, is by Cristoforo Barzizza (d. c. 1445). A native of Bergamo, he was a distinguished physician and a colleague of Galeazzo de Santa Sofia at the University of Padua. His  de intentionibus habendis in omni febre  (here) considers synochal, syncopal, pestilential, quartan, quintan fevers, but also small pox and measles. Compared to the others, Barzizza devotes less attention to describing the symptoms of the illness and focuses more on treatment and cure. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The manuscript ex libris most likely belongs to the Croatian physician and writer Ivan August Kazna_i_ (1817-1883), director of the Dubrovnik hospital for twenty years, literary critic and bibliographer.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"SANTA SOFIA, Marsilio, SANTA SOFIA, Galeazzo, PARISIENSIS, Richardus, DE GRADI, Antonio and BARZIZZA, Cristoforo.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859644522831,"sku":"L3693","price":9750.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/DSC_8993.jpg?v=1781793741"},{"product_id":"aetius-amidenus","title":"AETIUS, Amidenus.","description":"\u003cp\u003eA good copy of this medical encyclopaedia by the Greek Aetius. This is the second edition (first 1542) of the Latin translation by Janus Cornarius (c. 1500-1558), Saxon humanist, philologist and friend of Erasmus. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n A native of Amida in Mesopotamia (modern Diyarbak∆í¬±r, Turkey), Aetius was a Greek medical writer who lived about the end of the fifth and beginning of the sixth century. Very little is known of his life: he studied at Alexandria   at the most famous medical school of the time   and lived in Byzantium, where he became court physician to the Emperor Justinian I. Highly regarded by Renaissance physicians, he is defined here by Cornarius as the greatest of medical writers. Aetius   Tetrabiblos    so called because it comprises four books, each divided into four parts   is an extremely valuable and important medical treatise. In fact, it is a compilation from the writings of several authors, many from the great library at Alexandria, otherwise lost. In particular, we find the works of Ruphus of Ephesus and Leonides in surgery, Soranus and Philumenus in gynecology and obstetrics, but also Aetius  own observations on diseases and treatments. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n An interesting feature of Aetius  work is that of providing recipes for creating complex medical compounds composed of many ingredients, typical of the time. Among the most complicated concoctions, we find a plaster recommended for tumors, hard lumps and gout; among the most curious, there is one for contraception consisting of aloe, wallflower seed, pepper, and saffron. Interestingly,  Aetius   introduced much of Egyptian pharmacy, and was particularly fond of external applications, as well as of charms and amulets so common in the same country. In composing a certain ointment he required that there should be repeated in a loud voice,  May the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob deign to accord virtues to this medicine  (Dunglison). However,  It was from Galen himself and not from the east that Aetius derived his most strikingly superstitious passages.   for example, the use of an amulet of a Greek jasper suspended from the neck by a thread so as to touch the abdomen; the story of the reapers who found the dead viper in their wine and cured instead of killing the sufferer from elephantiasis to whom they gave the wine to drink  (Thorndike). Remarkably, appended at the end is also Coronarius  translation of a short treatise on weights and measures by Paul of Egina. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n This copy belonged to Alessandro Volpi (1844-1857), an Italian veterinary physician and grandson of Antonio Volpi, professor of law and rector of the University of Pavia. He is the author of numerous scientific publications on veterinary medicine and zoology, but also wrote on history and politics. Other volumes from his library, bearing the same characteristic signature, are held in the collections of the Biblioteca Marciana in Venice.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"AETIUS, Amidenus.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859644784975,"sku":"L3810","price":1750.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L3810-2.jpg?v=1781793740"},{"product_id":"castro-rodrigo-de","title":"CASTRO, Rodrigo de.","description":"\u003cp\u003e.A good copy of the first edition of this very successful treatise in two volumes on female anatomy and diseases, by the Jewish physician de Castro. Remarkably, this is the first treatise on this topic ever written by a Portuguese author and it is  generally regarded as having laid the foundations of gynaecology as we know it to-day  (Roth).\u003cbr\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n .Rodrigo de Castro (c. 1546-1627), was born in Lisbon into a well-off family of  conversos , meaning that its members had Jewish origins but converted to Catholicism. Several of his relatives were physicians of some reputation, and de Castro was the most distinguished. After completing his studies at the university of Salamanca, he practiced in Lisbon and then spent time in the East indies researching medical herbs. Due to growing inquisitorial pressure, de Castro later moved to Antwerp and finally to Hamburg in 1594, a significant refuge for Portuguese Jews. Here, his medical reputation grew, and his clientele included the king of Denmark, the landgrave of Hesse, the count of Holstein, and the archbishop of Bremen. It appears that De Castro eventually reconverted, or avowed himself a Jew, as in 1612 his name was included in the list of Hamburg s Jewish community and was buried in the cemetery of the Jewish-Portuguese congregation at Altona.\u003cbr\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n . De universa mulierum medicina  is de Castro s most famous and important work, possibly influenced by the premature loss of his first wife, who died in childbirth about 1602. De Castro  denounces the sixteenth century collections of medical texts on women  Gynaecea  as  an amalgam of excellent doctrine and wild speculation which could easily mislead students of medicine   (Maclean) and defines his new treatise as  useful to all scholars, but absolutely necessary to physicians . It is composed of two volumes, both containing four books. The first,  pars prima theorica , is theoretical in nature and deals the anatomy of the uterus and breasts, menses, conception and pregnancy, labour and breastfeeding. The second,  pars secunda, sive praxis , is more practical, and it is dedicated to women s diseases, starting from those common to all, moving on to those affecting widows and virgins in particular, those connected to pregnancy, and finally those wet nurses and women in childbirth may suffer from.  Evaluating the classical and Arabic heritage   Hippocrates, Aristotle, Pliny, Galen, Averroes, Avicenna   Castro established a complex dialogue between the traditional ideas of the past and the authors of his own time   such as Amato Lusitano, Luis de Mercado, Martin Akakia, Ambroise Par é, François Rousset and Girolamo Mercuriale  (Pinheiro)\u003cbr\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n .The ownership inscription is that of Robert Tulloue ( Robertus Tulloue ), Doctor of Medicine and secretary to the king. He was the nephew of the prominent French poet Philippe Desportes and inherited his estate in 1606. Tulloue scattered Desportes' books and papers in 1631.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CASTRO, Rodrigo de.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859644850511,"sku":"L3848","price":3750.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/Screenshot-2024-08-06-at-10.55.20.webp?v=1781793738"},{"product_id":"gasparis-stefano-de-with-perla-francesco","title":"GASPARIS, Stefano de [with] PERLA, Francesco.","description":"\u003cp\u003eRare first editions of these two pharmaceutical essays discussing the provenance, use and characteristics of the  true  opobalsamum, a rare and precious ingredient of theriac. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n Theriac was an ancient medical concoction: originally formulated by the Greeks as a cure for snakes  bites, it later became an antidote for all poisons. In the Renaissance, it was widely produced and prescribed as a universal panacea against all diseases. Among its numerous ingredients, opobalsamum   a balm obtained from a tree native of Arabia, Africa and India   was so expensive and difficult to find, that it was often falsified and many in Europe believed that it no longer existed. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n In the 1640s, a famous polemic arose between Italian apothecaries and physicians, when the Roman doctor Stefano de Gasparis published  Liquoris artificialis pro opobalsamo  (here), accusing Antonio Manfredi and Vincenzo Pannuzzi, two apothecaries, of producing their theriac using  false  opobalsamum. In this work, de Gasparis claims that the substance that they used, which was bought on the Venetian market, was not genuine. The treatise comprises four books, the first dedicated to presenting the characteristics of real opobalsamum according to ancient sources, the second and third aimed at demonstrating that what Manfredi and Panuzzi employed was not authentic opobalsamum obtained from the plant, but a fabricated mixture of ingredients, and the last concluding that their theriac was therefore  ineffective and useless . \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n In the following years, a very long list of physicians participated to this dispute   including Pietro Castelli and Giuseppe Donzelli, highly regarded scholars at the time   which soon spread from Rome to Venice, Naples and other Italian cities. All these medical writers had different opinions on the correct interpretation of ancient authors  texts, as well as on the right experimental procedure to be followed in order to attest opobalsamum s authenticity. Among de Gaspari s opponents, there was Francesco Perla, a Roman physician who wrote  De orientali Opobalsamo  (the second work here). The book is dedicated to Cardinal Francesco Barberini (1597-1679), and the charming woodcut of a bee on the title page is the symbol of the Barberini family. In this work, after introducing the history of opobalsamum and presenting the current state of the debate, Perla dedicates a long chapter to dismantle Gasperi s arguments and prove that the controversial substance was in fact genuine. It appears that the debate was never completely solved, and remarkably theriac continued to be produced and sold in Italy until 1884.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"GASPARIS, Stefano de [with] PERLA, Francesco.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859645112655,"sku":"L3847","price":1750.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L3847-5.jpg?v=1781793738"},{"product_id":"falcinelli-bernardino","title":"FALCINELLI, Bernardino.","description":"\u003cp\u003eA good copy of the first edition of this rare and fascinating textbook on surgery written by the Italian master Falcinelli for the students of the School of Surgery of Santa Maria Nuova in Florence. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The public school of Surgery annexed to the Hospital of Santa Maria Nuova in Florence was founded in the 1580s by the Granduke Ferdinando de  Medici (1549-1609), and it is the oldest in Tuscany.  The lessons were entrusted by the Surgical Masters of the hospital who held them without payment ( ) The students were admitted to the school after having passed an examination which entitled them to start on a course of study lasting seven years, during which period the time devoted to practical exercises was much greater than that dedicated to theoretical teaching  (Tombaccini). Bernardino Falcinelli (end of the 16th   17th century), was a physician and surgeon who, after practicing for 20 years in Siena and in Florence, was appointed master at Santa Maria Nuova by Monsignor Francesco Medici, the current Spedalingo (meaning  rector of the hospital ). \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n  Instituzione alla cirurgia , as Falcinelli states in the book presentation, is an easy and brief introduction to surgery, which he was asked to compose and publish by his  honorable and virtuous students , his colleagues and his friends. Falcinelli s passion for teaching and for the subject is evident throughout the work, when he describes surgery as a form of art; at the end, the only reward he asks from his young students for his efforts is that  you remember me in your prayers in life, and after your death . The volume begins with a short exposition of what medicine is and its history, focusing in particular   as  necessary  according to the author   on the anatomy of the human body and bones. The importance of osteology is also remarked by the presence of four detailed folding anatomical plates at the end, illustrating all the bones of the skull, of the thoracic cage and spine, arm, leg and skeleton. The second section contains a definition of  surgery  and describes what types of illnesses it treats. The third and fourth sections constitute the majority of the work, dedicated to introducing a large number of different surgical instruments and explaining their function and use. Each description is accompanied by a simple but very clear illustration of the instrument and occasionally of the body part involved.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FALCINELLI, Bernardino.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859645178191,"sku":"L3812","price":1950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/IMG_2842.jpg?v=1781793738"},{"product_id":"franco-pierre","title":"FRANCO, Pierre.","description":"\u003cp\u003eA very good copy of the rare, attractively illustrated first edition of this remarkable treatise on surgery by the French Franco, a pioneer in the treatment of hernias and removal of calculi. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n Born in Turriers of Haute-Provence to a modest family, Pierre Franco (or Francou, c. 1505-1578) was one of the greatest barber-surgeons of the XVI century. At the time, surgery was not a prerogative of physicians, but of a class of medical practitioners who   in many cases   would gain their experience and knowledge outside of universities. Franco did not receive any academic theoretical education: he became the apprentice of a hernia  operator  and worked as an itinerant surgeon for all his life. A Calvinist, he fled to Switzerland due to religious persecutions in 1541 and practiced in Lausanne as  an operator of bladders, hernias and cataracts.  After a brief period in Lyon, Franco went back to Lausanne where he lived until his death. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n  Petit trait é  is Franco s first work, a short textbook on \"those branches of surgery commonly practised by hernia surgeons , including the topics of hernia, stones, cataract, harelip, amputations, pterygium, and tumours. This work is entirely based on the author s personal experience of thirty years:  (Franco) gave us what he himself conceived and executed, uninfluenced by authority, and every line bears the stamp of originality  (Pilcher). A great part of the volume is dedicated to the different types of hernias, and remarkably Franco here provides the first description of an operation for strangulated hernia. He is also famous for his innovative approaches to lithotomy, and particularly the removal of stones from the bladder in young children. In 1556, Franco performed the first extraction of a vesical calculus through the suprapubic abdominal wall in a 10-year old child. This procedure, which he invented, is also recorded here. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The volume is adorned by a series of woodcuts illustrating the surgical instruments employed by the author, some of which of his invention. These include, for example, a bladder catheter to be used as a guide to the proximal urethra, forceps to immobilize and pincers to grasp stones. Also depicted are slender cataract needles, a decorated  sickle  and a  saw  which were used to amputate arms and legs, and many others. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n The manuscript ex libris on the fly possibly belongs to the French physician Pierre Guisson (c. half of the 17th century), of Avignon. He is the author of a few medical works published from 1665 onwards. The signature  F. Athenosijs  perhaps corresponds to Franciscus Athenosius, physician, who also signed a copy of the 1543 edition of Vesalius  Fabrica:  Franciscus Athenosijs Doctor Medicus Agregatus  (see Marg‚àö‚â•csy et al., p. 474). His identity is unfortunately obscure. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n From the library of the bibliophile Jean Blondelet, the greatest French collector of rare medical books of the 20th century.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FRANCO, Pierre.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859645931855,"sku":"L3868","price":48000.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/DSC_7449.jpg?v=1781793735"},{"product_id":"curio-johannes","title":"CURIO, Johannes.","description":"\u003cp\u003e.A good copy of this illustrated edition of the Regimen Sanitatis Salernitanum ( The Salernitan Regimen of Health ), edited by the German Johannes Curio (d. 1561). A Latin didactic poem composed in the 12th or 13th century (first printed around 1480), the Regimen is a collection of instructions on how to preserve good health, including  rules of hygiene and diet, simple therapeutics, and other instruction intended more for the laity than for the medical profession. It was committed to memory by thousands of physicians and, after the invention of printing, was published in nearly three hundred editions, in Latin as well as in several vernacular languages  (Heirs of Hippocrates). This fascinating work is considered a product of the prominent medical school of Salerno, founded in in southern Italy in 9th century. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .The simple and charming woodcuts (up to half page) illustrate the humours, various sorts of equipment, fruit, vegetables, aromatic plants, legumes, birds, fish, butter and cheese, parts of the human body (including a curious one of the mandible with dentist s tools), and the seasons. Among the most curious prescriptions, there is one concerning sleeping in the afternoon; the illustration shows a man sleeping on a chair, and the verses below read:  Take a short nap in the afternoon, or avoid sleeping at all. Fever, laziness, headache and flu: these all may result from the afternoon nap . Another section advises on how to cure a hangover:  If you develop a hangover from drinking too much wine at night, drink more of that wine in the morning, it will be your medicine , perhaps the origin of  the hair of the dog . \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .A physician of Rheimbergen (near Cologne), Curio published several editions of this work (first 1538), which are considered the most complete and interesting as, for the first time, he included other texts. In the present edition, the Latin text is provided with a German translation by Curio (in Gothic letter) and complemented by the important commentary by the Spanish physician and reformer Arnaldo de Villa Nova (1240 1311). Also included are: chapter 20, on blood, from  De vacuandi ratione  by the French physician Jean Fernel (1497-1558); a 18-verse poem by Anastasius on bloodletting; the Greek physician Diocles  (c. 375-295) famous letter  on preserving health  addressed to addressed to Antigonus II Gonatas, king of Macedon; Hippocrates   De salubri diaeta  on healthy diet; a curious poem by the German humanist Joachim Camerarius (1500-1574), in which two elegiac distiches are dedicated to each month containing advices for a healthy lifestyle; finally, an extract from Philip Melanchton s (1497-1560)  Liber de Anima  concerning diet and sleep.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CURIO, Johannes.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859646193999,"sku":"L3811","price":1850.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/IMG_3326.jpg?v=1781793735"},{"product_id":"jonston-john-2","title":"JONSTON, John.","description":"\u003cp\u003eA very good copy of the first edition of this highly successful medical work. John Jonston (Polish Jan Jonston, 1603-1675) was a Polish world-famous physician, biologist and historian born to a family of noble Scottish origins. During his life, he travelled extensively across Europe for his education: he attended St. Andrews University, where he studied theology, and later the Universities of Cambridge, Frankfurt, Franeker and Leiden, where he specialised in botany and medicine. His reputation as a physician spread quickly, and everywhere he travelled he established contacts with outstanding men of science. An extremely prolific author and a man of immense knowledge, his large corpus include encyclopaedias of natural science, treatises on zoology, botany, hygiene, medicine, but also works on ethics and history. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n In 1642, Jonston was offered the post of head of the medical department at the University of Frankfurt. He rejected, however promised to prepare a textbook of medicine for the students of this university: the result was  Idea universae medicinae practicae  (here). An encyclopaedic handbook of clinical medicine, it is arranged in eight books dealing with diseases in general, external and internal diseases, fevers, and their appropriate treatments. Interestingly, Jonston discussed a number of conditions concerned with insanity and neurosis.  In the foreword Jonston emphasizes that the information on various remedies comes from the works of the best physicians and includes what he had been able to learn from the outstanding people he met during his voyages. ( ) Jonston intended his textbook to be a summary of all medical knowledge available at that time. When discussing diseases, he first writes about their symptoms, ten causes followed by the differences between diseases, finally treatment. Jonston is the first man to introduce a new branch of medicine, the medicine of labour, and to describe and systematize the diseases of the nails. ( ) The treatise had many editions, and its content was twice considerably enlarged and revised. It is to this treatise that Jonston owes his name of one of the authors of the modern classification of diseases. ( ) According to Stanis_aw Schwann, Jonston s textbooks of medicine and nature were still compulsory in all German universities in 1721  (Matuszewski) \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n This copy was bound including more than 100 additional blank pages at the end, most likely for a student. Medical handbooks in the Renaissance were often prepared in this way on commission: the blank pages would have been used by the owner to write annotations, summaries and indexes.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"JONSTON, John.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859647373647,"sku":"L3895","price":1450.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/DSC_9128.jpg?v=1781793729"},{"product_id":"caius-bernardinus","title":"CAIUS, Bernardinus","description":"\u003cp\u003eFirst edition of this rare and fascinating medico-philosophical treatise concerning diet and health. Bernardinus Caius (Bernardino Caio, Gaio or Gageo, fl. 1596-1612) was a learned physician and professor of medicine active in Venice and Padua. Specific details of his life are obscure, but he was a friend and correspondent of Galileo Galilei and Giovanni Francesco Sagredo (one of Galileo s closest friends). Caius appears several times in Galileo s correspondence: in a letter, he thanks Galileo for sending him a copy of his treatise on the solar spots. In another one, Caius discusses Galileo s health and diagnoses the famous astronomer with kidney stone disease, advising him on how to recover; it appears, however, that Galileo never replied to this letter, making up excuses, and Caius complained about this with Sagredo. Caius was also a quite prolific medical writer, author of treatises on vesicants and blood, and editor of a commentary by Bernardinus Paternus on Avicenna (1596). \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n In  De alimentis , Caius explores all aspects of alimentation and diet, particularly focusing on what are the correct eating habits in relation to the different human  natures . This interesting work, which combines Aristotelian, Neoplatonic and Stoic philosophy with Hippocratic and Galenic medicine, aims at demonstrating that the right diet can help maintaining good health, but also cure illnesses restoring the body s balance. Caius begins presenting the universal principles of nature, from which various  natures  or  qualities  are generated: these are, according with traditional Hippocratic doctrines, hot and cold, wet and dry. The human body is regulated by these qualities, and they also apply to food and diseases. Caius explains the  doctrine of the opposites : in order to restore good health, one should eat foods that have the opposite  nature  of the illness: for example, someone with a fever (hot) should eat  cold  foods. In his letter to Galileo, Caius states that he is affected by  humidity , and therefore he should eat dry and roasted foods, not boiled. A few sections are dedicated to pleasure and desire, which is closely connected to alimentation, and the author describes the  pleasures of the eyes  and of  the palate . \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n Particularly interesting are the chapters dedicated to taste: Caius gives a general definition of  taste  according to Aristotle, then moves on to describe the different flavours (e.g. sweet, bitter, salty, sour and even  fat  or  oily ), explaining that water  contains  all the natural flavours and it plays a fundamental role in determining them - if the tongue is  too dry or too wet , flavours cannot be fully appreciated. The author also explains the process of taste perception, and defines the  properties  of flavours and their  effects  (for example,  bitter things  are less likely to rot, but they are often inedible). Other chapters discuss the different types of foods, their  powers , with many pages especially devoted to wine. Caius also briefly talks about the  frigida potio  (a remedy to fever) and the cooling and fertilizing properties of  salnitrum  (potassium nitrate), a substance that was used in pharmacology and food preparation. Two final chapters are concerned with two controversial topics: the use of chemistry in medicine and the longevity of children born at eight months.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CAIUS, Bernardinus","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859649569103,"sku":"L3820","price":3500.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L3820-3.jpg?v=1781793725"},{"product_id":"helmont-johannes-baptista-van","title":"HELMONT, Johannes Baptista van.","description":"\u003cp\u003e.Second edition, corrected and published after the author s death by his son, of this remarkable collection of four chemical and medical treatises. In this work, first published in 1644, the author presented a new cure for stones and the results of numerous chemical experiments. This second edition was also issued in conjunction with the first edition of Van Helmont s  Ortus medicinae , and the two are sometimes found together. .  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .First in the collection is  De lithiasis , a treatise on urinary calculi which has been defined by the important physician Boerhaave as  incomparable, and the best . The author discusses   reporting the results of a series of experiments   how solid concretions are formed in nature. Notably, Helmont also announces for the first time his  Ludus , a new remedy for the  stone disease  and how to prepare it (the author modified a recipe of Paracelsus adding more ingredients);  Ludus  was described as mineral with the extraordinary ability to dissolve any concretion in the human body.  De Febribus  (first ed. 1642) is a shorter work on fevers and their nature, interestingly containing an alternative view to Galen and ascribing fever to the influence of the  archeus , the  vital spirit  regulating the internal heat of the body.  De humoribus Galeni , third in the collection, contains a scathing review of Galen s humoral theory. Finally,  De peste  is a treatise on the plague; as this disease was still a major threat in Europe, this is one of Van Helmont s most translated and popular works. In the introduction, the author mentions the death of two sons due to a recent outbreak in Brussels. The author s advice in this treatise is to not be afraid of the plague, as fear can influence one person s imagination, ultimately affecting the  archeus  and generating an actual disease. In the second section, the author proposes various cures, e.g.  sweat potions , but also powerful words, herbs and stones. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n . A Belgian mystic, Helmont [1580-1644] was the most prominent chemist of the first half of the seventeenth century. Originally an alchemist and a follower of Paracelsus in that his outlook was universal, he himself marks the transition from alchemy to the science of chemistry in the modern sense. ( ) Helmont established his name as one of the founders of biochemistry, although some authorities believe that he is perhaps overrated because of his vacillations between mysticism and science. In any event, his discovery of digestive juices in the stomach and intestine, and especially his first use of the specific gravity of urine for diagnostic purposes, mark him as a man of no insignificant importance in the history of medicine.  (Heirs of Hippocrates). Remarkably, Helmont was the first to apply the term  gas  to aeriform fluids, and the first to take the melting point of ice and boiling point of water as standards for measuring temperature.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"HELMONT, Johannes Baptista van.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859650388303,"sku":"L3963","price":1850.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L3963-4.jpg?v=1781793724"},{"product_id":"pliny-2","title":"PLINY","description":"\u003cp\u003eHandsome second edition of Philemon Holland s immensely popular English translation of Pliny s Natural History. .Pliny the Elder (23-79AD) was an administrator for Emperor Vespasian and a prolific author. The  Historia  is a masterful encyclopaedia of theoretical and applied natural sciences detailing all that was known in these fields in the first century AD. Based on hundreds of Greek and Latin sources, its ten books introduce the reader to astronomical questions like the nature of the moon and its distance from the earth; pharmacopoeia, ointments and herbal remedies; natural phenomena including rains of stones; world geography and the ethnographic study of remote  gentes mirabiles ;  extraordinary peoples , descriptions of all animal and tree species, wild and domesticated; horticulture from cultivation to the treatment of plant mutations and illnesses; metals and gold mining; mineralogy and pigments for painting. \u003cbr\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\nPhilemon Holland was an English schoolmaster and one of the most famed Elizabethan translators of the classics. He brought the works of Livy, Suetonius and Plutarch as well as Pliny the Elder to a wider, English speaking audience. The present was first published in 1601 and was dedicated to Sir Robert Cecil, the prominent statesman and favourite of Elizabeth I. The most popular of Holland's translations, it was published again in this 1634 edition. Prior to Holland s translation, it had never been printed in English, and would not be again for another 250 years. Indeed, even after four centuries,  Holland is still the only translator of this work to attempt to evoke its literary richness and beauty\" (ODNB).\u003cbr\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n The importance of Pliny lay not so much that he was an inexhaustible source for monsters, eclipses, and the stranger habits of all created things, but that in the pages of Philemon Holland s translation Shakespeare found that emphasis on Nature which he employed and re-interpreted in the tragedy  (Evans, The Language of Shakespeare s Plays).\u003cbr\u003e\n \u003cbr\u003e\n Over and over again it will be found that the source of some ancient piece of wisdom is Pliny.  (Printing and the Mind of Man, 5).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"PLINY","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859652288847,"sku":"L3588","price":9500.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L3588-2.jpg?v=1781793722"},{"product_id":"rondelet-guillaume-2","title":"RONDELET, Guillaume.","description":"\u003cp\u003e.Rare first edition of this medical work on urine by Rondelet. An esteemed and successful physician, Guillaume Rondelet (1507-1566) was Regius professor of Medicine at the University of Montpellier, where he also served at chancellor towards the end of his life. He wrote various treatises on therapeutics and pharmacology, which are considered original contributions as he rarely cites other authors. Rondelet is also well-known as a naturalist for his  De piscis marinibus , a leading treatise on marine animals and fish. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n . Tractatus de urinis  is a concise but detailed treatise focusing on the examination of urine for diagnostic purposes. In the first chapter, Rondelet argues that the study of urine is  certainly useful and necessary to understand illnesses, but also health, as well as to make diagnoses . After explaining the etymology of the word, Rondelet describes what urine is (a product of digestion, primarily produced in the stomach) and what kinds of illnesses can be detected through uroscopy: e.g. diseases of the liver and fevers, but not diseases affecting the heart. Many chapters are concerned with the different types of urine (e.g.  tenuis ,  crassa ,  alba ), their colours and appearance (e.g.  clear  or  cloudy ), the presence of sediments (e.g.  arena  = sand, or calculi) and other substances (e.g. blood), and how they can be linked to different diseases. At the end is a curious addition, titled  The story of Didymus Obrecht , in which Obrecht himself, a physician of Strasbourg, confirms that one day he expelled worms through urine. An interesting note by the editor reveals that Rondelet did not want to publish this treatise as he could not revise it, and asks the reader to be indulgent towards this edition. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .The manuscript autograph is probably that of Pierre Gauthier (1746-1820), French bookseller and publisher active at Bourg-en-Bresse about 1772 and later at Lyon (see Jean-Marc Barf éty,  Libraires hauts-alpins dans la France des Lumi√®res , 2019).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"RONDELET, Guillaume.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859653665103,"sku":"L3968","price":2350.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L3968-3-1.jpg?v=1781793717"},{"product_id":"minderer-raymund","title":"MINDERER, Raymund.","description":"\u003cp\u003e.First edition of this fascinating work by the German physician Raymund Minderer (1570-1621), addressing the most common misconceptions, superstitions and false notions concerning medicine and its practice in the 16.th. century. In the dedication, Minderer states that Medicine, the most noble and important of all the arts, has been  confused, weakened, ruined and destroyed by (men s) negligence, insolence and impudence throughout the centuries ; for this reason, Medicine cries and sighs. The work is divided into 26 chapters, each beginning with  Medicine cries because , presenting and explaining Medicine s complaints: for example,  medicine cries because in the past it was exercised by great kings, priests and philosophers, and nowadays by farmers ,  medicine, which is simple and right, complains because it has been turned from the way of truth by superstition  or  Medicine, which is beneficial and salutary, is considered guilty of murder because of the crimes and errors of  Pseudo-chemists    this last section, following Paracelsus, argues in favour of a correct use of chemistry in medicine. In an interesting chapter, Minderer indicates music as a means of healing in the treatment of mental diseases, such as melancholia. Throughout the work, the author also outlines the differences between Paracelsianism and Galenism. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .After obtaining his doctorate at Ingolstadt, Minderer served as a military doctor for a few years and then settled in Augsburg, where he was appointed city doctor. He also worked as a consultant for Emperor Matthias in Vienna and Elector Maximillian I. Remarkably, Minderer introduced the use of sulfuric acid in the treatment of fevers, and discovered ammonium acetate, which is still known today as  Liquor (or Spiritus) Mindereri . A prolific writer, he is the author of works on military surgery (Medicina militaris, 1620), the plague (De pestilential liber, 1608) and pharmacology (De Calcantho, 1618).  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .The finely engraved frontispiece i  by the celebrated German engraver Lucas Kilian (1579-1637), famous for his portrait of Albrecht D√ºrer, one of the best-known representations of the famous painter to posterity.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MINDERER, Raymund.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859655336271,"sku":"L3955","price":1950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/DSC_9176.jpg?v=1781793712"},{"product_id":"blasius-gerardus","title":"BLASIUS, Gerardus.","description":"\u003cp\u003e.First edition of this curious and beautifully illustrated treatise on anatomical deformities.  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .Blasius here presents, like a cabinet of curiosities, almost a hundred among the most uncommon and extraordinary cases    Rariores  ( the rarest ) in the title   that he encountered during his long medical career and clinical teaching. Amsterdam was a key centre for illustrated collections of medical observations, and this is one of the richest. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .A Dutch physician and anatomist, Gerardus Blasius (c. 1627-1682) became the first professor of medicine in Amsterdam in 1660. His  Observationes  (Observations), often ending with the patient s death and post-mortem, represent an unusually rich source of information on medical and anatomical practices in Amsterdam around 1670. The work is divided into in six sections:  diseases involving magnitude, such as tumors, abscesses, hernias, and dropsy; defects of figure, such as cleft palate or closed uterus; defects of the parts contained in a given place, such as prolapsed uterus ( ); diseases related to number, either lack of body parts, such as the hymen, female testicles, or kidney, or presence of extranumerary parts, such as a double stomach or gallbladder; diseases of the union or cohesion of parts, such as caries or ulcers; and lastly the presence of preternatural formations, such as polyps, ossifications, and stone formations.  (Bertoloni Meli). All the engraved plates   here in clear and clean impression   include multiple illustrations of unusual or diseased anatomical structures, as well as bizarre specimens (e.g. stones shaped as spirals and pyramids, a worm found in a kidney). The only exception is Plate II, entirely dedicated to showing the corpse of a woman with an enlarged abdomen. \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .  \u003cbr\u003e\n  \u003cbr\u003e\n .Blasius had extensive interests in major congenital malformations (generally referred to as  monsters ) and the study of animal anatomy, on which subjects he wrote separate works. An appendix to this volume includes the illustrated reports of three monstruous births by other contemporary physicians:  Historia infantis monstrosi  by Michael Heiland (fl. 1646-1676), a case of conjoined twins;  Historia agni monstrosi  and  Historia vituli monstrosi  by Moritz Hoffmann (1622-1698), respectively concerning a lamb born with six limbs and a two-headed calf.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"BLASIUS, Gerardus.","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57859655991631,"sku":"L3900","price":3950.0,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/files\/L3900-6.jpg?v=1781793711"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1016\/2425\/0703\/collections\/Screenshot_2026-06-18_at_6.14.16_PM.png?v=1781802870","url":"https:\/\/www.sokol.co.uk\/collections\/medicine.oembed","provider":"Sokol Books Ltd","version":"1.0","type":"link"}